How water acidification influences the organism antioxidant capacity and gill structure of Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819) at normoxia and hypoxia

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
O.L. Gostyukhina , T.V. Gavruseva , A.A. Tkachuk , E.S. Chelebieva , M.S. Podolskaya , A.B. Borovkov , E.A. Bogacheva , D.S. Lavrichenko , E.S. Kladchenko , Andreyeva A. Yu
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Abstract

The effect of water acidification in combination with normoxia or hypoxia on the antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress markers in gills and hemolymph of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), as well as on gill microstructure, has been evaluated through an in vivo experiment. Mussels were exposed to a low pH (7.3) under normal dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions (8 mg/L), and hypoxia (2 mg/L) for 8 days, and samples were collected on days 1, 3, 6, and 8 to evaluate dynamic changes of physiological responses. Cytoplasmic concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and levels of DNA damage were measured in hemocytes, while the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and histopathological changes were assessed in gills. The results revealed that while water acidification did not significantly affect the activity of SOD and CAT in gills under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, there was a trend towards suppression of CAT activity at the end of the experimental period (day 8). Similarly, we did not observe increased formation of ROS in hemocytes or changes in the levels of DNA damage during the experimental period. These results strongly suggest that the oxidative stress response system in mussels is relatively stable to experimental conditions of acidification and hypoxia. Experimental acidification under normoxia and hypoxia caused changes to the structure of the gills, leading to various histopathological alterations, including dilation, hemocyte infiltration into the hemal sinuses, intercellular edema, vacuolization of epithelial cells in gill filaments, lipofuscin accumulation, changes in the shape and adjacent gill filaments, hyperplasia, exfoliation of the epithelial layer, necrosis, swelling, and destruction of chitinous layers (chitinous rods). Most of these alterations were reversible, non-specific changes that represent a general inflammatory response and changes in the morphology of the gill filaments. The dynamics of histopathological alterations suggests an active adaptive response of gills to environmental stresses. Taken together, our data indicate that Mediterranean mussels have a relative tolerance to water acidification and hypoxia at tissue and cellular levels.

Abstract Image

水体酸化如何影响地中海贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819)在常氧和缺氧条件下的机体抗氧化能力和鳃结构。
通过一项体内实验,评估了水酸化与常氧或缺氧相结合对地中海贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)鳃和血淋巴中抗氧化能力和氧化应激标记物以及鳃微结构的影响。将贻贝暴露在正常溶解氧(8 毫克/升)条件下的低 pH 值(7.3)和缺氧(2 毫克/升)环境中 8 天,并在第 1、3、6 和 8 天采集样本,以评估生理反应的动态变化。测量了血细胞中活性氧(ROS)的细胞质浓度和 DNA 损伤水平,同时评估了鳃中过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性以及组织病理学变化。结果表明,在常氧和缺氧条件下,水酸化对鳃中 SOD 和 CAT 的活性没有明显影响,但在实验期结束时(第 8 天),CAT 的活性有被抑制的趋势。同样,在实验期间,我们没有观察到血细胞中 ROS 的形成增加或 DNA 损伤水平的变化。这些结果有力地表明,在酸化和缺氧的实验条件下,贻贝的氧化应激反应系统相对稳定。常氧和缺氧条件下的实验性酸化会导致鳃的结构发生变化,导致各种组织病理学改变,包括扩张、血细胞浸润血窦、细胞间水肿、鳃丝上皮细胞空泡化、脂质褐素积累、鳃丝形状和相邻鳃丝发生变化、增生、上皮层脱落、坏死、肿胀和甲壳素层(甲壳素棒)破坏。这些变化大多是可逆的、非特异性的变化,代表了一般的炎症反应和鳃丝形态的变化。组织病理学改变的动态变化表明,鳃对环境压力做出了积极的适应性反应。总之,我们的数据表明,地中海贻贝在组织和细胞水平上对水体酸化和缺氧具有相对的耐受性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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