Fabrication and characterization of carrageenan-based multifunctional films integrated with gallic acid@ZIF-8 for beef preservation.

Abstract

The development of environmentally friendly biodegradable films is urgently required for reducing the plastic pollution crisis and ensuring food safety. Thus, here we aimed to prepare ZIF-8 that has delivery ability for gallic acid (GA) and further incorporated this material (GA@ZIF-8) into carrageenan (CA) matrix to obtain a series of CA-GA@ZIF-8 films. This design significantly improved the mechanical strength and UV barrier and reduced water vapor permeability, moisture content, and swelling rate of the CA films. CA-GA@ZIF-8 films exhibited sustainable release of GA and controlled migration of Zn²⁺ up to 144 h in a high-fat food simulator. Also, the composite films performed high-efficiency antioxidant activities (83.29 % for DPPH and 62.11 % for ABTS radical scavenging activity) and 99.51 % antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli O157:H7 after 24 h. The great biocompatibility of GA@ZIF-8 and CA-GA@ZIF-8-10 % was confirmed by hemolysis, cell cytotoxicity, and mice model. Finally, the preservation experiments showed that CA-GA@ZIF-8 films could effectively maintain freshness and reduce the growth of microorganisms and oxidation of lipids during the preservation of beef. These results suggest that CA-GA@ZIF-8 films hold promising potential for improving the quality preservation of beef.