Effects of HIIT Interventions on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Glycemic Parameters in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 9.3 1区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES
Sports Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1007/s40279-024-02059-4
Anja Lazić, Dušan Stanković, Nebojša Trajković, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) face impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic control, increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a promising exercise modality with potential benefits for both aspects in this population.

Objectives: The primary aim was to investigate the effects of HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters in patients with T1DM. The secondary aim was to examine the most effective HIIT protocol for cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters in patients with T1DM.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources: Two major electronic databases (Web of Science and PubMed) were searched up to February 2024.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Randomized and non-randomized trials involving adult patients with T1DM, free of complications and other diseases examining the effects of HIIT (HIIT pre vs. post; HIIT vs. control group or HIIT vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT)) on cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters were included.

Results: A total of ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness following HIIT interventions (pre vs. post) in patients with T1DM (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.16 to 1, p = 0.01). Furthermore, HIIT (pre vs. post) was associated with significant improvements in 24-h mean glucose control (SMD = - 0.44, 95% CI = - 0.81 to - 0.06, p = 0.02), but the results (pre vs. post) failed to identify significant improvements in fasting glucose (SMD = - 0.26, 95% CI = - 0.78 to 0.24, p = 0.3) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) values (SMD = - 0.28, 95% CI = - 0.61 to 0.05, p = 0.1). However, in comparison with a control group, HIIT showed significantly favorable effects on HbA1C (SMD = - 0.74, 95% CI = - 1.35 to - 0.14, p = 0.02). Finally, the meta-regression analysis did not find any moderating effect of any HIIT characteristics (i.e., intervention duration, session duration, work time, rest time, number of bouts, and intensity) on cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters.

Conclusion: Our systematic review and meta-analysis show that T1DM patients who performed a HIIT intervention significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced their 24-h mean glucose levels, but not their HbA1C and fasting glucose. These findings support the application of HIIT interventions in T1DM patients. However, the guidelines for the most effective protocol remain unclear; hence, future studies are needed.

Abstract Image

HIIT 干预对 1 型糖尿病成人心肺功能和血糖参数的影响:系统回顾与元分析》。
背景:1 型糖尿病(T1DM)患者的心肺功能和血糖控制均受到影响,增加了心血管并发症的风险。高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是一种很有前景的运动方式,对这一人群的心肺功能和血糖控制都有潜在益处:主要目的是研究 HIIT 对 T1DM 患者心肺功能和血糖参数的影响。次要目的是研究对 T1DM 患者的心肺功能和血糖参数最有效的 HIIT 方案:设计:系统回顾和荟萃分析:检索两个主要电子数据库(Web of Science和PubMed),截至2024年2月:纳入的随机和非随机试验涉及T1DM成年患者,无并发症和其他疾病,研究HIIT(HIIT前与HIIT后;HIIT与对照组或HIIT与中等强度持续训练(MICT))对心肺功能和血糖参数的影响:结果:共有十项研究符合纳入标准。荟萃分析表明,对 T1DM 患者进行 HIIT 干预(前与后)后,心肺功能明显改善(标准化平均差 (SMD) = 0.59,95% 置信区间 (CI) = 0.16 至 1,P = 0.01)。此外,HIIT(前与后)与 24 小时平均血糖控制的显著改善有关(SMD = - 0.44,95% CI = - 0.81 至 - 0.06,p = 0.02),但结果(前与后)未能确定 24 小时平均血糖控制的显著改善。后)未能发现空腹血糖(SMD = - 0.26,95% CI = - 0.78 至 0.24,p = 0.3)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)值(SMD = - 0.28,95% CI = - 0.61 至 0.05,p = 0.1)有明显改善。然而,与对照组相比,HIIT 对 HbA1C 有明显的有利影响(SMD = - 0.74,95% CI = - 1.35 至 - 0.14,p = 0.02)。最后,荟萃回归分析没有发现任何 HIIT 特征(即干预持续时间、疗程持续时间、工作时间、休息时间、锻炼次数和强度)对心肺功能和血糖参数有任何调节作用:我们的系统综述和荟萃分析表明,进行 HIIT 干预的 T1DM 患者能显著改善心肺功能,降低 24 小时平均血糖水平,但不能降低 HbA1C 和空腹血糖。这些研究结果支持在 T1DM 患者中应用 HIIT 干预疗法。然而,最有效方案的指导方针仍不明确;因此,未来的研究仍有必要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Sports Medicine
Sports Medicine 医学-运动科学
CiteScore
18.40
自引率
5.10%
发文量
165
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Sports Medicine focuses on providing definitive and comprehensive review articles that interpret and evaluate current literature, aiming to offer insights into research findings in the sports medicine and exercise field. The journal covers major topics such as sports medicine and sports science, medical syndromes associated with sport and exercise, clinical medicine's role in injury prevention and treatment, exercise for rehabilitation and health, and the application of physiological and biomechanical principles to specific sports. Types of Articles: Review Articles: Definitive and comprehensive reviews that interpret and evaluate current literature to provide rationale for and application of research findings. Leading/Current Opinion Articles: Overviews of contentious or emerging issues in the field. Original Research Articles: High-quality research articles. Enhanced Features: Additional features like slide sets, videos, and animations aimed at increasing the visibility, readership, and educational value of the journal's content. Plain Language Summaries: Summaries accompanying articles to assist readers in understanding important medical advances. Peer Review Process: All manuscripts undergo peer review by international experts to ensure quality and rigor. The journal also welcomes Letters to the Editor, which will be considered for publication.
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