Effect of Low-Fat Diet on Depression Score in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.

IF 5.9 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition reviews Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1093/nutrit/nuae069

Sepideh Soltani, Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi, Farzaneh Asoudeh, Kimia Torabynasab, Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh, Mahdi Hejazi, Masoumeh Khalighi Sikaroudi, Fatemeh Meshkini, Elham Razmpoosh, Shima Abdollahi

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Abstract

Context: Current evidence on the effect of a low-fat (LF) diet on depression scores has been inconsistent.

Objective: To explore the effect of an LF diet on depression scores of adults by systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Data sources: The PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception to June 7, 2023, to identify trials investigating the effect of an LF diet (fat intake ≤30% of energy intake) on the depression score.

Data extraction: Random-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate pooled summary effects of an LF diet on the depression score (as Hedges g).

Data analysis: Finding from 10 trials with 50 846 participants indicated no significant change in depression score following LF diets in comparison with usual diet (Hedges g = -0.11; 95% CI, -0.25 to 0.03; P = 0.12; I2 = 70.7% [for I2, 95% CI, 44%, 85%]). However, a significant improvement was observed in both usual diet and LF diets when the content of protein was 15-20% of calorie intake (LF, normal protein diet: n = 5, Hedges g = -0.21, 95% CI, -0.24 to -0.01, P = 0.04, I2 = 0%; usual, normal protein diet: n = 3, Hedges g = -0.28, 95% CI, -0.51 to -0.05, P = 0.01, I2 = 0%). Sensitivity analysis also found the depression score improved following LF diet intervention in participants without baseline depression.

Conclusion: This study revealed that LF diet may have small beneficial effect on depression score in the studies enrolled mentally healthy participants. Moreover, achieving to adequate dietary protein is likely to be a better intervention than manipulating dietary fat to improve depression scores. However, it is not clear whether this effect will last in the long term. Conducting more studies may change the results due to the low-certainty of evidence.

Systematic review registration: CRD42023420978 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).

查看原文本刊更多论文

低脂饮食对成人抑郁评分的影响：随机对照临床试验的系统回顾和元分析》。

背景：目前有关低脂饮食对抑郁评分影响的证据并不一致：通过对随机对照试验（RCTs）进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，探讨低脂饮食对成人抑郁评分的影响：数据来源：对PubMed、ISI Web of Science、Scopus和CENTRAL数据库进行了检索，检索时间从开始到2023年6月7日，目的是找出研究低脂饮食（脂肪摄入量≤能量摄入量的30%）对抑郁评分影响的试验：随机效应荟萃分析用于估算低脂饮食对抑郁评分的汇总效应（如Hedges g）：10 项试验的 50 846 名参与者的研究结果表明，与普通饮食相比，低脂饮食对抑郁评分没有显著影响（Hedges g = -0.11; 95% CI, -0.25 to 0.03; P = 0.12; I2 = 70.7% [for I2, 95% CI, 44%, 85%]）。然而，当蛋白质含量占卡路里摄入量的15%-20%时，通常饮食和低脂饮食均有明显改善（低脂，正常蛋白质饮食：n = 5，赫奇斯g = -0.21，95% CI，-0.24至-0.01，P = 0.04，I2 = 0%；通常，正常蛋白质饮食：n = 3，赫奇斯g = -0.28，95% CI，-0.51至-0.05，P = 0.01，I2 = 0%）。敏感性分析还发现，在对无抑郁基线的参与者进行低脂饮食干预后，抑郁评分有所改善：本研究显示，低脂饮食对精神健康参与者的抑郁评分可能有微小的有益影响。此外，实现充足的膳食蛋白质可能是比控制膳食脂肪更好的改善抑郁评分的干预措施。不过，目前还不清楚这种效果是否会长期持续。由于证据的确定性较低，进行更多的研究可能会改变结果：CRD42023420978 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO)。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition reviews 医学-营养学

CiteScore

12.20

自引率

1.60%

发文量

121

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Reviews is a highly cited, monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that specializes in the publication of authoritative and critical literature reviews on current and emerging topics in nutrition science, food science, clinical nutrition, and nutrition policy. Readers of Nutrition Reviews include nutrition scientists, biomedical researchers, clinical and dietetic practitioners, and advanced students of nutrition.