Drought aggravates plant stress by favouring aphids and weakening indirect defense in a sugar beet tritrophic system

IF 4.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY
Shahinoor Rahman, Michael Rostás, Ilka Vosteen
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Abstract

Climate change leads to more frequent droughts that may alter multitrophic networks in agroecosystems by changing bottom-up and top-down effects on herbivorous insects. Yet, how bottom-up effects of drought alter tritrophic interactions remains poorly understood. This study investigated two intensities of drought stress in the tritrophic system consisting of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), an aphid (Aphis fabae), and its parasitoid (Aphidius colemani). We thoroughly investigated each trophic level, examining the performance of plants, pest insects, and parasitoids, as well as the attraction of parasitoids to herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). Drought stress negatively affected plant growth but benefited A. fabae, leading to faster development and a higher reproduction rate. Drought-stressed plants also emitted less plant volatiles, which resulted in reduced attraction of A. colemani to aphid-infested plants. Drought indirectly affected parasitoid performance, as evidenced by lower emergence rates and production of fewer females, although mummification rates were higher on drought-stressed plants. Reduced parasitoid attraction and performance on drought-stressed plants may exert lower top-down pressure on aphid populations. Combined with increased aphid performance, this may facilitate aphid outbreaks, which could further weaken drought-stressed plants. Our findings highlight the need to study multiple trophic levels and emphasize the importance of incorporating HIPVs and parasitoid attraction when assessing combined abiotic and biotic stresses in crops.

Abstract Image

在甜菜三营养系统中,干旱有利于蚜虫并削弱间接防御,从而加剧植物的应激反应
气候变化导致干旱更加频繁,这可能会通过改变对食草昆虫自下而上和自上而下的影响来改变农业生态系统中的多营养网络。然而,人们对干旱自下而上的影响如何改变三营养昆虫的相互作用仍然知之甚少。本研究调查了由甜菜(Beta vulgaris)、蚜虫(Aphis fabae)及其寄生虫(Aphidius colemani)组成的三营养系统中两种强度的干旱胁迫。我们对每个营养级进行了深入研究,考察了植物、害虫和寄生虫的表现,以及寄生虫对食草动物诱导的植物挥发物(HIPVs)的吸引力。干旱胁迫对植物的生长产生了负面影响,但却有利于A. fabae,使其发育更快、繁殖率更高。干旱胁迫植物也释放出较少的植物挥发物,从而降低了 A. colemani 对蚜虫侵染植物的吸引力。干旱间接影响了寄生虫的表现,表现为蚜虫出现率降低,雌虫数量减少,但干旱胁迫植物上的木乃伊化率较高。寄生虫在干旱植株上的吸引力和表现下降,可能会降低对蚜虫种群的自上而下的压力。再加上蚜虫性能的提高,这可能会促进蚜虫的爆发,从而进一步削弱干旱胁迫植物的抗旱能力。我们的研究结果突显了研究多营养级的必要性,并强调了在评估农作物的非生物和生物综合胁迫时结合 HIPVs 和寄生虫吸引力的重要性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Pest Science
Journal of Pest Science 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
114
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues. Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates. Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management. Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.
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