The First Report of Tritrichomonas Foetus and Tetratrichomonas Buttreyi in Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes Procyonoides) in China

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q4 PARASITOLOGY

Acta Parasitologica Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI:10.1007/s11686-024-00858-3

Dong-qian Chen, Qiu-yue Wang, Qiao-qiao Li, Xin-yu Luo, Xing-hua Wu, Ji-pu Wang, Si-chao Gao, Xin-chao Liu, WenChao Li

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Abstract

Background

In recent years, the trichomonosis in raccoon dogs in China had occurred frequently. Pentatrichomonas hominis had been described in raccoon dogs in China in some previous studies.

Purpose To Reveal

whether raccoon dogs can be infected by other trichomonad species besides P. hominis, and clarify the prevalence and species distribution of trichomonad in raccoon dogs.

Methods

Herein, the 389 fecal samples were collected from farm-raised raccoon dogs in Hebei Province, all the samples were detected using the microscopic examination and several fecal samples containing trichomonad-like organisms were processed, cultured, stained, and photographed. Meanwhile, all the samples were screened by the species-specific nested PCR based on the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene of P. hominis,Tritrichomonas foetus and Tetratrichomonas buttreyi, respectively, and all positive secondary PCR amplications obtained in this study were sequenced, aligned and analysed.

Results

62 fecal samples (15.9%,62/389) were trichomonad-positive under light microscopy, and the trichomonad-like cells were clearly observed in the culture contents. The PCR results showed that 100 samples were trichomonad-positive, including 45 P. hominis-positive samples (11.6%,45/389), 32 T. foetus-positive samples (8.2%,32/389), and 33 T. buttreyi-positive samples (8.5%,33/389), respectively. Double mixed infections were observed in 10 samples. The prevalence of T. foetus and P. hominis were both significantly higher in raccoon dogs with diarrhea (13.9%, and 25.0%) than that in raccoon dogs without diarrhea (7.6%, and 9.3%) (p < 0.05).All samples confirmed as trichomonad-positive under microscopy were also found to be trichomonad-positive by PCR analysis. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the sequences obtained in this study belonged to P. hominis, T. foetus and T. buttreyi SSU rRNA, respectively. Among them, the T. buttreyi SSU rRNA sequences obtained in this study harbored the new sequence polymorphisms. Based on preliminary morphological and molecular analyses, raccoon dogs are considered as the new host of T. foetus and T. buttreyi.

Conclusion

This is the first report about the identifcation and prevalence of T. foetus and T. buttreyi in raccoon dogs in China, and the results increase our knowledge about the host range and prevalence of trichomonad species.

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中国首次报告浣熊犬（Nyctereutes Procyonoides）体内的胎生三联单胞菌（Tritrichomonas Foetus）和布氏四联单胞菌（Tetratrichomonas Buttreyi）。

背景：近年来，中国貉犬滴虫病频发。以前的一些研究曾描述过中国貉犬中的人型五联单胞菌。目的：揭示貉犬是否会感染除人型五联单胞菌以外的其他毛滴虫，并明确毛滴虫在貉犬中的流行情况和种类分布。方法：收集河北省养殖貉犬粪便样本389份，对所有样本进行显微镜检测，并对含有毛滴虫样生物的多份粪便样本进行处理、培养、染色和拍照。同时，对所有样本分别进行了基于人犬毛滴虫、胎儿毛滴虫和臀部毛滴虫小亚基 rRNA（SSU rRNA）基因的物种特异性巢式 PCR 检测，并对检测结果进行了测序、比对和分析：结果：62 份粪便样本（15.9%，62/389 份）在光镜下呈滴虫阳性，培养内容物中可清晰观察到滴虫样细胞。聚合酶链式反应（PCR）结果显示，100 份样本为滴虫阳性，其中包括 45 份人型滴虫阳性样本（11.6%，45/389）、32 份胎盘滴虫阳性样本（8.2%，32/389）和 33 份对接滴虫阳性样本（8.5%，33/389）。在 10 个样本中观察到双重混合感染。腹泻浣熊犬的胎生 T. 和 P. hominis 感染率（13.9% 和 25.0%）均显著高于未腹泻的浣熊犬（7.6% 和 9.3%）（p 结论：浣熊犬腹泻时，胎生 T. 和 P. hominis 的感染率均显著高于未腹泻的浣熊犬：这是中国首次报道貉子体内T. foetus和T. buttreyi的鉴定和流行情况，结果增加了我们对毛滴虫宿主范围和流行情况的了解。

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来源期刊

Acta Parasitologica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

6.70%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject. Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews. The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.