Effects of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system: A mendelian randomization study

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES
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Abstract

Infections with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and disorders of the heart and blood vessels are causally related. To ascertain the causal relationship between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease (CVD), we carried out a Mendelian randomization (MR) study through a method known as inverse variance weighting (IVW). When analyzing multiple SNPs, MR can meta-aggregate the effects of multiple loci by using IVW meta-pooling method. The weighted median (WM) is the median of the distribution function obtained by ranking all individual SNP effect values according to their weights. WM yields robust estimates when at least 50% of the information originates from valid instrumental variables (IVs). Directed gene pleiotropy in the included IVs is permitted because MR–Egger does not require a regression straight line through the origin. For MR estimation, IVW, WM and MR-Egger were employed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using funnel plots, Cochran's Q test, MR–Egger intercept test, MR–PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis. SNPs related to exposure to COVID-19 and CVD were compiled. CVD for COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 laboratory/self-reported negative, and other very severe respiratory diagnosis and population were randomly assigned using MR. The COVID-19 laboratory/self-reported negative results and other very severe respiratory confirmed cases versus MR analysis of CVD in the population (p ​> ​0.05); COVID-19 infection to CVD (p ​= ​0.033, OR ​= ​1.001, 95%CI: 1.000–1.001); and the MR–Egger results indicated that COVID-19 infection was associated with CVD risk. This MR study provides preliminary evidence for the validity of the causal link between COVID-19 infection and CVD.

COVID-19 对心血管系统的影响:孟德尔随机化研究
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)感染与心脏和血管疾病存在因果关系。为了确定 COVID-19 与心血管疾病(CVD)之间的因果关系,我们通过一种称为逆方差加权(IVW)的方法进行了孟德尔随机化(MR)研究。在分析多个 SNPs 时,MR 可通过 IVW 元池化法对多个位点的效应进行元聚合。加权中值(WM)是根据所有单个 SNP 效应值的权重进行排序后得到的分布函数的中值。当至少 50%的信息来源于有效的工具变量(IVs)时,加权中值会产生稳健的估计值。由于 MR-Egger 不要求通过原点的回归直线,因此允许在所包含的 IV 中存在定向基因多向性。MR 估计采用了 IVW、WM 和 MR-Egger。使用漏斗图、Cochran's Q 检验、MR-Egger 截距检验、MR-PRESSO 和leave-one-out 分析进行了敏感性分析。汇编了与 COVID-19 暴露和心血管疾病相关的 SNPs。COVID-19感染的心血管疾病、COVID-19实验室/自我报告阴性以及其他非常严重的呼吸系统诊断和人群使用MR进行随机分配。COVID-19 实验室/自报阴性结果和其他非常严重的呼吸道确诊病例与 MR 分析人群的心血管疾病相关(p > 0.05);COVID-19 感染与心血管疾病相关(p = 0.033,OR = 1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.001);MR-Egger 结果表明,COVID-19 感染与心血管疾病风险相关。这项 MR 研究为 COVID-19 感染与心血管疾病之间因果关系的有效性提供了初步证据。
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来源期刊
Sports Medicine and Health Science
Sports Medicine and Health Science Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
55 days
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