Aerosol dosimetry in the whole conducting zone of a murine left-lung using CF-PD and LSFM images

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Mohsen Estaji , Malikeh Nabaei , Lin Yang , Otmar Schmid , Ali Farnoud
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aerosol dosimetry in respiratory airways is relevant for pulmonary drug delivery and inhalation toxicology. Consequently, computational fluid-particle dynamics (CF-PD) modelling of pulmonary aerosol delivery is an active research field. Additionally, mice are the most commonly used animals in medical research. Technological advances have provided information on whole mice lung morphologies with unprecedented high resolution. Therefore, in this study, we used high-resolution light sheet fluorescent microscopy (LSFM) images of a healthy C57BL/6 mouse lung with a constant air flow rate of 72 ml/min, to extract an anatomical 3-dimensional (3D) geometry of the entire airway tree of the left lung from the primary bronchi to the most distal bronchioles excluding the trachea. The airways were segmented based on an order- and generation-based method. Also, to compare the morphological data and regional deposition, a generation-based investigation including 25 generations was employed in the present model. One-way coupling of CF-PD modeling was applied to model an intubated and mechanically-ventilated mouse. Maximum values of the velocity and vorticity magnitude of 3.2 m/s and 200,000 1/s were reached in the second order, respectively, and maximum pressure and wall shear stress levels were 30 Pa and 3.5 Pa, respectively. Finally, order- and generation-based particle deposition efficiency and dose per lung area were obtained for the particle size range of 1 μm ≤ dp ≤ 10 μm yielding pronounced hotspot deposition patterns mainly near the proximal bifurcations. The results showed a positive correlation between deposition efficiency and particle size due to a size-dependent increase in inertial and gravitational effects. Maximum regional deposition and normalized dose was seen for 10 μm particles in the 1st order of the murine left lung. Smaller peak sizes of deposition efficiency were seen in the third and fourth orders of the mouse left lung due to almost complete loss of the largest particles in lower order airways. It also justifies the close to zero deposition efficiency in the highest orders (fifth to sixth). Both lung morphology as well as total and regional aerosol deposition showed reasonably good agreement with empirical data from the literature. The present CF-PD model with accurate realistic lung morphology, improves our knowledge of airway aerosol deposition hotspots. The obtained modeling method and the qualitative results can be implemented on human airways.

Abstract Image

利用 CF-PD 和 LSFM 图像测量小鼠左肺整个传导区的气溶胶剂量
呼吸道中的气溶胶剂量测定与肺部给药和吸入毒理学有关。因此,肺气溶胶给药的计算流体-粒子动力学(CF-PD)建模是一个活跃的研究领域。此外,小鼠是医学研究中最常用的动物。技术的进步提供了前所未有的高分辨率小鼠全肺形态信息。因此,在本研究中,我们使用了健康 C57BL/6 小鼠肺部的高分辨率光片荧光显微镜(LSFM)图像,以 72 毫升/分钟的恒定气流速率,提取了左肺从初级支气管到最远端支气管(不包括气管)的整个气道树的解剖三维(3D)几何图形。气道是根据基于阶次和世代的方法进行分割的。此外,为了比较形态数据和区域沉积,本模型还采用了基于世代的调查方法,包括 25 个世代。CF-PD 模型的单向耦合被用于对插管和机械通气的小鼠进行建模。在二阶时,速度和涡度的最大值分别达到了 3.2 m/s 和 200,000 1/s,最大压力和壁剪应力分别为 30 Pa 和 3.5 Pa。最后,在粒径为 1 μm ≤ dp ≤ 10 μm 的粒径范围内,获得了基于阶次和世代的粒子沉积效率和单位肺面积剂量,主要在近端分叉附近产生了明显的热点沉积模式。结果表明,由于惯性和重力效应的增加,沉积效率与颗粒大小之间呈正相关。在小鼠左肺第一阶,10 μm 粒子的区域沉积和归一化剂量最大。在小鼠左肺的第三阶和第四阶,沉积效率的峰值较小,这是因为最大颗粒在低阶气道中几乎完全消失。这也说明最高阶(第五至第六阶)的沉积效率接近于零。肺部形态以及气溶胶的总沉积量和区域沉积量都与文献中的经验数据显示出相当好的一致性。本 CF-PD 模型具有精确逼真的肺形态,提高了我们对气道气溶胶沉积热点的认识。所获得的建模方法和定性结果可用于人体气道。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Aerosol Science
Journal of Aerosol Science 环境科学-工程:化工
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
8.90%
发文量
127
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Founded in 1970, the Journal of Aerosol Science considers itself the prime vehicle for the publication of original work as well as reviews related to fundamental and applied aerosol research, as well as aerosol instrumentation. Its content is directed at scientists working in engineering disciplines, as well as physics, chemistry, and environmental sciences. The editors welcome submissions of papers describing recent experimental, numerical, and theoretical research related to the following topics: 1. Fundamental Aerosol Science. 2. Applied Aerosol Science. 3. Instrumentation & Measurement Methods.
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