Accurate Surge Arrester Modeling for Optimal Risk-Aware Lightning Protection Utilizing a Hybrid Monte Carlo–Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

A. H. K. Asadi, Mohsen Eskandari, Hadi Delavari
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Abstract

The application of arresters is critical for the safe operation of electric grids against lightning. Arresters limit the consequences of lightning-induced over-voltages. However, surge arrester protection in electric grids is challenging due to the intrinsic complexities of distribution grids, including overhead lines and power components such as transformers. In this paper, an optimal arrester placement technique is developed by proposing a multi-objective function that includes technical, safety and risk, and economic indices. However, an effective placement model demands a comprehensive and accurate modeling of an electric grid’s components. In this light, appropriate models of a grid’s components including an arrester, the earth, an oil-immersed transformer, overhead lines, and lightning-induced voltage are developed. To achieve accurate models, high-frequency transient mathematical models are developed for the grid’s components. Notably, to have an accurate model of the arrester, which critically impacts the performance of the arrester placement technique, a new arrester model is developed and evaluated based on real technical data from manufacturers such as Pars, Tridelta, and Siemens. Then, the proposed model is compared with the IEEE, Fernandez, and Pinceti models. The arrester model is incorporated in an optimization problem considering the performance of the over-voltage protection and the risk, technical, and economic indices, and it is solved using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Monte Carlo (MC) techniques. To validate the proposed arrester model and the placement technique, real data from the Chopoghloo feeder in Bahar, Hamedan, Iran, are simulated. The feeder is expanded over three different geographical areas, including rural, agricultural plain, and mountainous areas.
利用蒙特卡洛-粒子群混合优化算法为最佳风险意识避雷器进行精确建模
避雷器的应用对于电网的防雷安全运行至关重要。避雷器可限制雷电引起的过电压的后果。然而,由于配电网固有的复杂性,包括架空线路和变压器等电力元件,电网中的避雷器保护具有挑战性。本文通过提出一个包括技术、安全和风险以及经济指标在内的多目标函数,开发了一种最佳避雷器安置技术。然而,一个有效的安置模型需要对电网组件进行全面而准确的建模。有鉴于此,我们开发了适当的电网组件模型,包括避雷器、大地、油浸变压器、架空线路和雷电感应电压。为了建立精确的模型,需要为电网的各个组成部分建立高频瞬态数学模型。值得注意的是,避雷器的精确模型对避雷器布置技术的性能有着至关重要的影响,为了建立精确的避雷器模型,我们根据 Pars、Tridelta 和西门子等制造商提供的真实技术数据,开发并评估了一个新的避雷器模型。然后,将提出的模型与 IEEE、Fernandez 和 Pinceti 模型进行比较。考虑到过电压保护性能以及风险、技术和经济指标,避雷器模型被纳入优化问题中,并使用粒子群优化(PSO)和蒙特卡罗(MC)技术进行求解。为了验证所提出的避雷器模型和布置技术,模拟了伊朗哈马丹省 Bahar 市 Chopoghloo 馈线的真实数据。该馈线扩展到三个不同的地理区域,包括农村、农业平原和山区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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