Genomic architecture and sex chromosome systems of commercially important fish species in Asia – Current status, knowledge gaps and future prospects

IF 8.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES
Khanam Taslima, Kiyoshi Kikuchi, Sho Hosoya
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Abstract

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing agro-food industries in the world and Asia dominates the world's fish production (70% of total) with a high potential to ensure global food security. The leading aquaculture fish species in Asia show sexual dimorphism for traits such as growth, age at sexual maturity etc. in which one sex outperforms the other, increasing the need for controlling sex-ratio in the farming system. Despite the huge contribution of Asian aquaculture to global fish production, the Asian aquaculture is facing a lot of challenges, for example, maintaining the genetic purity of the fish species and balancing the sex-ratio in the culture system. Many of these difficulties arise due to a lack of deep understanding of fish genetics, or to the duplicated genome of cultured species, or to the unavailability of high-quality reference genomes and information on sex determination mechanisms (crucial for monosex production and establishing appropriate breeding programme). This review has described the existing knowledge of the sex determination mechanisms in fish and genome architecture of four commercially important fish groups in Asia (carps, tilapias, catfishes and snakeheads). We also have outlined possible strategies for identifying sex-determining gene/s using modern genome sequencing and computational technologies. Finally, we have highlighted the existing challenges and future prospects of Asian aquaculture. We anticipate that developments in genome sequencing technologies will help to address the biological complexities and challenges that exist in commercial aquaculture and will be of value for the future growth of the aquaculture industry in Asia.

亚洲重要商业鱼类的基因组结构和性染色体系统--现状、知识差距和未来展望
水产养殖业是世界上发展最快的农业食品行业之一,亚洲的水产品产量占世界总产量的 70%,在确保全球粮食安全方面潜力巨大。亚洲的主要水产养殖鱼类在生长、性成熟年龄等性状方面表现出性别二形性,其中一种性别优于另一种性别,这就增加了在养殖系统中控制性别比例的必要性。尽管亚洲水产养殖业对全球水产品产量做出了巨大贡献,但亚洲水产养殖业也面临着许多挑战,例如保持鱼类物种的遗传纯度和平衡养殖系统中的性别比例。其中许多困难是由于对鱼类遗传学缺乏深入了解,或养殖物种基因组重复,或缺乏高质量的参考基因组和性别决定机制信息(对单性生产和建立适当的育种计划至关重要)。本综述介绍了有关鱼类性别决定机制的现有知识以及亚洲四个重要商业鱼类(鲤鱼、罗非鱼、鲶鱼和乌鳢)的基因组结构。我们还概述了利用现代基因组测序和计算技术鉴定性别决定基因的可能策略。最后,我们强调了亚洲水产养殖业的现有挑战和未来前景。我们预计,基因组测序技术的发展将有助于解决商业水产养殖中存在的生物复杂性和挑战,并对亚洲水产养殖业的未来发展具有重要价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
24.80
自引率
5.80%
发文量
109
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Reviews in Aquaculture is a journal that aims to provide a platform for reviews on various aspects of aquaculture science, techniques, policies, and planning. The journal publishes fully peer-reviewed review articles on topics including global, regional, and national production and market trends in aquaculture, advancements in aquaculture practices and technology, interactions between aquaculture and the environment, indigenous and alien species in aquaculture, genetics and its relation to aquaculture, as well as aquaculture product quality and traceability. The journal is indexed and abstracted in several databases including AgBiotech News & Information (CABI), AgBiotechNet, Agricultural Engineering Abstracts, Environment Index (EBSCO Publishing), SCOPUS (Elsevier), and Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) among others.
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