Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Potential Genes Involved in Salicylic Acid-Induced Arbutin Synthesis in Pear

Horticulturae Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI:10.3390/horticulturae10060622

Junhao Li, Yuchen Ma, Tingting Cui, Shaohua Liu, Liulin Li

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Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) is known to be an efficient elicitor of secondary metabolism in plants. Arbutin, a characteristic phenolic glycoside found in ‘Yuluxiang’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehder × Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu), is widely used in lightening agents, in addition to cough, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial remedies, among other applications. However, research into the synthesis of arbutin in pear is limited. This study aimed to clarify the effect of exogenous SA on the arbutin content of pear using HPLC and investigate the mechanism for arbutin accumulation using RNA-Seq analysis. HPLC revealed that SA increased the arbutin contents of leaf, fruit, and callus in pear and demonstrated that the effect of SA is concentration and time dependent. RNA-Seq analysis of pear callus treated with or without SA revealed 380 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 335 of which were up-regulated. According to a KEGG database analysis, the highest number of genes were annotated for phenylpropane biosynthesis. Overall, 21 DEGs were found to be involved in the synthesis of hydroquinone and UDP-glucose, which are substrates of arbutin synthesis. It is noteworthy that the expression levels of three up-regulated genes (Pbr006844.1, Pbr021064.1 and Pbr021069.1) related to hydroquinone glycosyltransferase were induced by SA and hydroquinone. Furthermore, transient overexpression of PbUGT72B1 (Pbr021069.1) increased the arbutin content in pear callus. These data explain the regulation of gene transcription associated with the promotive effect of SA on arbutin biosynthesis in pear, thus providing a theoretical foundation for enhancing the arbutin content of fruit through genetic engineering.

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转录组分析揭示了参与水杨酸诱导梨中熊果苷合成的潜在基因

众所周知，水杨酸（SA）是植物次生代谢的高效诱导剂。熊果苷是 "玉露香 "梨（Pyrus bretschneideri Rehder × Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu）中的一种特征性酚醛糖苷，除用于止咳、消炎和抗微生物疗法外，还广泛用于增白剂。然而，有关梨中合成熊果苷的研究还很有限。本研究旨在利用高效液相色谱法阐明外源 SA 对梨中熊果苷含量的影响，并利用 RNA-Seq 分析探究熊果苷积累的机制。高效液相色谱法显示，SA能增加梨叶片、果实和胼胝体中的熊果苷含量，并证明SA的影响与浓度和时间有关。对施用或不施用 SA 的梨胼胝体进行的 RNA-Seq 分析发现了 380 个差异表达基因（DEG），其中 335 个基因被上调。根据 KEGG 数据库分析，被注释为苯丙氨酸生物合成的基因数量最多。总体而言，有 21 个 DEGs 参与了对苯二酚和 UDP 葡萄糖的合成，而这两种物质是熊果苷合成的底物。值得注意的是，SA 和对苯二酚诱导了三个与对苯二酚糖基转移酶相关的上调基因（Pbr006844.1、Pbr021064.1 和 Pbr021069.1）的表达水平。此外，PbUGT72B1（Pbr021069.1）的瞬时过表达增加了梨胼胝体中熊果苷的含量。这些数据解释了与 SA 对梨中熊果苷生物合成的促进作用相关的基因转录调控，从而为通过基因工程提高果实中熊果苷的含量提供了理论基础。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Horticulturae

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