Applying nitrogen fertilizer improves the indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality by coordinating enzyme activity and grain-filling rate

IF 2.2 4区农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Cereal Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI:10.1002/cche.10806

Aihua Liu, Yuwei Li, Liubin Yang, Yangyang Zhang, Shipeng Liao, Xiaokun Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and Objectives

The effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization on rice quality, grain-filling rate, and starch synthase activity have been widely studied, but whether there is a relationship between grain-filling rate and starch synthase activity has not been reported. We conducted a 2-year field experiment using the indica rice cultivar Shenliangyou 5814 to investigate the effects of N fertilization (0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 kg·ha^–1) on rice quality.

Findings

N fertilization notably increased grain yield, head rice rate, and protein content while reducing chalkiness degree and rate, thereby enhancing milling, appearance, and nutritional quality. Meanwhile, N fertilizer application (N = 270–360 kg·ha^–1) delayed the time to reach the maximal grain-filling rate, extending it to approximately 18.4–19.9 days after flowering, and enzyme activity also peaked around the same time. Grain-filling rate was positively correlated with the activities of AGPase and SBE after N fertilization. They were also significantly correlated with milling, appearance, and nutritional quality after 22 days of flowering.

Conclusions

N fertilization achieved a harmonious balance between the grain-filling rate and starch synthase activities, ultimately improving milling, appearance, and nutritional quality.

Significance and Novelty

N fertilization regulated the coordination between grain-filling rate and starch synthase activity for rice quality.

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施用氮肥通过协调酶活性和谷粒饱满度改善籼稻（Oryza sativa L. ）的品质

氮肥对水稻品质、籽粒结实率和淀粉合成酶活性的影响已被广泛研究，但籽粒结实率与淀粉合成酶活性之间是否存在关系尚未见报道。我们利用籼稻品种深良优 5814 进行了为期 2 年的田间试验，研究了氮肥施用量（0、90、180、270 和 360 kg-ha-1）对稻米品质的影响。氮肥施用量显著提高了谷粒产量、头米率和蛋白质含量，同时降低了垩白度和垩白率，从而提高了碾米品质、外观品质和营养品质。同时，氮肥施用量（N = 270-360 kg-ha-1）推迟了达到最大灌浆率的时间，将其延长至开花后约 18.4-19.9 天，酶活性也在同一时间达到峰值。氮肥施用后，谷粒饱满率与 AGPase 和 SBE 的活性呈正相关。施氮肥后，谷粒充实率与淀粉合成酶活性之间达到了和谐平衡，最终改善了碾米、外观和营养品质。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cereal Chemistry 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

8.30%

发文量

110

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Cereal Chemistry publishes high-quality papers reporting novel research and significant conceptual advances in genetics, biotechnology, composition, processing, and utilization of cereal grains (barley, maize, millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum, triticale, and wheat), pulses (beans, lentils, peas, etc.), oilseeds, and specialty crops (amaranth, flax, quinoa, etc.). Papers advancing grain science in relation to health, nutrition, pet and animal food, and safety, along with new methodologies, instrumentation, and analysis relating to these areas are welcome, as are research notes and topical review papers. The journal generally does not accept papers that focus on nongrain ingredients, technology of a commercial or proprietary nature, or that confirm previous research without extending knowledge. Papers that describe product development should include discussion of underlying theoretical principles.