Economic and Environmental Assessment of Variable Rate Nitrogen Application in Potato by Fusion of Online Visible and Near Infrared (Vis-NIR) and Remote Sensing Data

IF 2.9 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil Systems Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI:10.3390/soilsystems8020066

Muhammad Qaswar, Danyal Bustan, A. M. Mouazen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Addressing within-field spatial variability for nitrogen (N) management to avoid over and under-use of nitrogen is crucial for optimizing crop productivity and ensuring environmental sustainability. In this study, we investigated the economic, environmental, and agronomic benefits of variable rate nitrogen application in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). An online visible and near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy sensor was utilized to predict soil moisture content (MC), pH, total organic carbon (TOC), extractable phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) using a partial least squares regression (PLSR) models. The crop’s normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from Sentinel-2 satellite images was incorporated into online measured soil data to derive fertility management zones (MZs) maps after homogenous raster and clustering analyses. The MZs maps were categorized into high fertile (VR-H), medium–high fertile (VR-MH), medium–low fertile (VR-ML), and low fertile (VR-L) zones. A parallel strip experiment compared variable rate nitrogen (VR-N) with uniform rate (UR) treatments, adjusting nitrogen levels based on fertility zones as 50% less for VR-H, 25% less for VR-MH, 25% more for VR-ML, and 50% more for VR-L zones compared to the UR treatment. The results showed that the VR-H zone received a 50% reduction in N fertilizer input and demonstrated a significantly higher crop yield compared to the UR treatment. This implies a potential reduction in negative environmental impact by lowering fertilizer costs while maintaining robust crop yields. In total, the VR-N treatment received an additional 1.2 Kg/ha of nitrogen input, resulting in a crop yield increase of 1.89 tons/ha. The relative gross margin for the VR-N treatment compared to the UR treatment is 374.83 EUR/ha, indicating substantial profitability for the farmer. To further optimize environmental benefits and profitability, additional research is needed to explore site-specific applications of all farm resources through precision agricultural technologies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

通过融合在线可见光和近红外（Vis-NIR）及遥感数据对马铃薯变速施氮进行经济和环境评估

解决氮素（N）管理的田间空间变异问题，避免氮素使用过量或不足，对于优化作物生产力和确保环境可持续性至关重要。在这项研究中，我们调查了马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）变速施氮的经济、环境和农艺效益。利用在线可见光和近红外（vis-NIR）光谱传感器，使用偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）模型预测土壤水分含量（MC）、pH值、总有机碳（TOC）、可提取磷（P）、钾（K）、镁（Mg）和阳离子交换容量（CEC）。将哨兵-2 卫星图像中的作物归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）与在线测量的土壤数据相结合，经过同质栅格和聚类分析，得出肥力管理区（MZs）地图。肥力管理区图分为高肥力区（VR-H）、中高肥力区（VR-MH）、中低肥力区（VR-ML）和低肥力区（VR-L）。平行条带试验比较了变速氮肥（VR-N）和均速氮肥（UR）处理，根据肥力区调整氮肥水平，与 UR 处理相比，VR-H 肥力区减少 50%，VR-MH 肥力区减少 25%，VR-ML 肥力区增加 25%，VR-L 肥力区增加 50%。结果表明，与 UR 处理相比，VR-H 区的氮肥投入减少了 50%，作物产量却显著提高。这意味着，在保持作物高产的同时，通过降低化肥成本，有可能减少对环境的负面影响。总的来说，VR-N 处理每公顷多施用了 1.2 千克氮肥，使作物产量增加了 1.89 吨/公顷。与 UR 处理相比，VR-N 处理的相对毛利率为 374.83 欧元/公顷，这表明农民获得了可观的利润。为进一步优化环境效益和盈利能力，需要开展更多研究，探索通过精准农业技术对所有农业资源进行因地制宜的应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Soil Systems Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

5.70%

发文量

审稿时长

11 weeks