Dissecting SOX2 expression and function reveals an association with multiple signaling pathways during embryonic development and in cancer progression

IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Niharika, Lina Ureka, Ankan Roy, Samir Kumar Patra
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

SRY (Sex Determining Region) box 2 (SOX2) is an essential transcription factor that plays crucial roles in activating genes involved in pre- and post-embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis, and lineage specifications. SOX2 maintains the self-renewal property of stem cells and is involved in the generation of induced pluripotency stem cells. SOX2 protein contains a particular high-mobility group domain that enables SOX2 to achieve the capacity to participate in a broad variety of functions. The information about the involvement of SOX2 with gene regulatory elements, signaling networks, and microRNA is gradually emerging, and the higher expression of SOX2 is functionally relevant to various cancer types. SOX2 facilitates the oncogenic phenotype via cellular proliferation and enhancement of invasive tumor properties. Evidence are accumulating in favor of three dimensional (higher order) folding of chromatin and epigenetic control of the SOX2 gene by chromatin modifications, which implies that the expression level of SOX2 can be modulated by epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, specifically, via DNA methylation and histone H3 modification. In view of this, and to focus further insights into the roles SOX2 plays in physiological functions, involvement of SOX2 during development, precisely, the advances of our knowledge in pre- and post-embryonic development, and interactions of SOX2 in this scenario with various signaling pathways in tumor development and cancer progression, its potential as a therapeutic target against many cancers are summarized and discussed in this article.

Abstract Image

对 SOX2 表达和功能的剖析揭示了其在胚胎发育和癌症进展过程中与多种信号通路的关联。
SRY(性别决定区)盒 2(SOX2)是一种重要的转录因子,在激活涉及胚胎前后发育、成体组织稳态和品系规范的基因方面发挥着关键作用。SOX2 可维持干细胞的自我更新特性,并参与诱导多能干细胞的生成。SOX2 蛋白含有一个特殊的高流动基团结构域,使 SOX2 能够参与多种功能。有关 SOX2 与基因调控元件、信号网络和 microRNA 参与的信息正逐渐浮出水面,SOX2 的高表达与各种癌症类型的功能相关。SOX2 通过细胞增殖和增强肿瘤的侵袭性来促进致癌表型。越来越多的证据支持染色质的三维(高阶)折叠和染色质修饰对 SOX2 基因的表观遗传控制,这意味着 SOX2 的表达水平可以通过表观遗传调控机制,特别是通过 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白 H3 修饰来调节。有鉴于此,为了进一步深入了解 SOX2 在生理功能中发挥的作用、SOX2 在发育过程中的参与(确切地说,是在胚胎发育前后的参与)、SOX2 在这种情况下与肿瘤发生和癌症进展过程中的各种信号通路之间的相互作用,以及 SOX2 作为多种癌症治疗靶点的潜力,本文进行了总结和讨论。
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来源期刊
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
17.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
138
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer encompasses the entirety of cancer biology and biochemistry, emphasizing oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, growth-related cell cycle control signaling, carcinogenesis mechanisms, cell transformation, immunologic control mechanisms, genetics of human (mammalian) cancer, control of cell proliferation, genetic and molecular control of organismic development, rational anti-tumor drug design. It publishes mini-reviews and full reviews.
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