Using Illusions to Track the Emergence of Visual Perception.

IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Patrick Cavanagh
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Everybody loves illusions. At times, the content on the internet seems to be mostly about illusions-shoes, dresses, straight lines looking bent. This attraction has a long history. Almost 2,000 years ago, Ptolemy marveled at how the sail of a distant boat could appear convex or concave. This sense of marvel continues to drive our fascination with illusions; indeed, few other corners of science can boast of such a large reach. However, illusions not only draw in the crowds; they also offer insights into visual processes. This review starts with a simple definition of illusions as conflicts between perception and cognition, where what we see does not agree with what we believe we should see. This mismatch can be either because cognition has misunderstood how perception works or because perception has misjudged the visual input. It is the perceptual errors that offer the chance to track the development of perception across visual regions. Unfortunately, the effects of illusions in different brain regions cannot be isolated in any simple way: Top-down projections from attention broadcast the expected perceptual properties everywhere, obscuring the critical evidence of where the illusion and perception emerge. The second part of this review then highlights the roadblocks to research raised by attention and describes current solutions for accessing what illusions can offer.

利用幻觉追踪视觉感知的产生。
每个人都喜欢幻觉。有时,互联网上的内容似乎大多与幻觉有关--鞋子、裙子、看起来弯曲的直线。这种吸引力由来已久。将近 2000 年前,托勒密就曾惊叹于远处小船的船帆会呈现出凸面或凹面。这种惊叹感一直推动着我们对幻觉的痴迷;事实上,很少有其他科学领域能够拥有如此大的影响力。然而,幻觉不仅吸引着人们的眼球,还能让人们深入了解视觉过程。这篇综述从幻觉的简单定义开始,即感知与认知之间的冲突,我们看到的与我们认为应该看到的不一致。这种不一致可能是由于认知误解了感知的工作原理,也可能是由于感知错误判断了视觉输入。正是知觉错误提供了跟踪知觉在不同视觉区域发展的机会。遗憾的是,幻觉对不同脑区的影响无法以任何简单的方式隔离开来:来自注意力的自上而下的投射会将预期的知觉特性传播到各处,从而掩盖了幻觉和知觉在何处产生的关键证据。综述的第二部分强调了注意力给研究带来的障碍,并介绍了当前获取幻觉所能提供的信息的解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Annual Review of Vision Science
Annual Review of Vision Science Medicine-Ophthalmology
CiteScore
11.10
自引率
1.70%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Vision Science reviews progress in the visual sciences, a cross-cutting set of disciplines which intersect psychology, neuroscience, computer science, cell biology and genetics, and clinical medicine. The journal covers a broad range of topics and techniques, including optics, retina, central visual processing, visual perception, eye movements, visual development, vision models, computer vision, and the mechanisms of visual disease, dysfunction, and sight restoration. The study of vision is central to progress in many areas of science, and this new journal will explore and expose the connections that link it to biology, behavior, computation, engineering, and medicine.
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