Characteristics of pectens in diurnal and nocturnal birds and a new functional proposal relating to non-visual opsins

IF 0.8 4区农林科学 Q4 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Anatomia Histologia Embryologia Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI:10.1111/ahe.13071

Ken Takeshi Kusakabe, Miho Seto, Yumiko Harada, Asako Kusakabe, Lita Rakhma Yustinasari, Muneyoshi Hyoto, Chihiro Nakahara, Ai Gondo, Tomohiro Kondo, Kiyoshi Kano, Yasuo Kiso, Hiroyuki Imai

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The pecten is a fold-structured projection at the ocular fundus in bird eyes, showing morphological diversity between the diurnal and nocturnal species. However, its biological functions remain unclear. This study investigated the morphological and histological characteristics of pectens in wild birds. Additionally, the expression of non-visual opsin genes was studied in chicken pectens. These genes, identified in the chicken retina and brain, perceive light periodicity regardless of visual communication. Similar pleat numbers have been detected among bird taxa; however, pecten size ratios in the ocular fundus showed noticeable differences between diurnal and nocturnal birds. The pectens in nocturnal brown hawk owl show extremely poor vessel distribution and diameters compared with that of diurnal species. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression of Opn5L3, Opn4x, Rrh and Rgr genes. In situ hybridization analysis revealed the distribution of Rgr-positive reactions in non-melanotic cells around the pecten vessels. This study suggests a novel hypothesis that pectens develop dominantly in diurnal birds as light acceptors and contribute to continuous visual function or the onset of periodic behaviour.

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昼行性鸟类和夜行性鸟类栉膜的特征以及与非视觉蛋白有关的新功能建议。

栉孔是鸟类眼底的一个褶皱结构突起，在昼行性鸟类和夜行性鸟类之间表现出形态上的多样性。然而，其生物学功能仍不清楚。本研究调查了野生鸟类栉孔的形态和组织学特征。此外，还研究了鸡栉孔中非视蛋白基因的表达。这些基因在鸡视网膜和大脑中被发现，可感知光的周期性，而与视觉交流无关。在鸟类类群中检测到了相似的褶皱数量；然而，眼底的栉孔大小比例在昼行性鸟类和夜行性鸟类之间显示出明显的差异。与昼行性鸟类相比，夜行性褐鹰鸮的栉孔在血管分布和直径方面都表现得极差。RT-PCR分析证实了Opn5L3、Opn4x、Rrh和Rgr基因的表达。原位杂交分析显示，栉水母血管周围的非黑色素细胞中分布着 Rgr 阳性反应。这项研究提出了一个新的假说，即栉水母在昼行性鸟类中作为光接受器显性发育，并有助于持续的视觉功能或周期性行为的发生。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Anatomia Histologia Embryologia ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY-VETERINARY SCIENCES

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

11.10%

发文量

115

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia is a premier international forum for the latest research on descriptive, applied and clinical anatomy, histology, embryology, and related fields. Special emphasis is placed on the links between animal morphology and veterinary and experimental medicine, consequently studies on clinically relevant species will be given priority. The editors welcome papers on medical imaging and anatomical techniques. The journal is of vital interest to clinicians, zoologists, obstetricians, and researchers working in biotechnology. Contributions include reviews, original research articles, short communications and book reviews.