Cross-Sectional Survey of Factors Contributing to COVID-19 Testing Hesitancy Among US Adults at Risk of Severe Outcomes from COVID-19.

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious Diseases and Therapy Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI:10.1007/s40121-024-01001-5

Annlouise R Assaf, Gurinder S Sidhu, Apurv Soni, Joseph C Cappelleri, Florin Draica, Carly Herbert, Iqra Arham, Mehnaz Bader, Camille Jimenez, Michael Bois, Eliza Silvester, Jessica Meservey, Valerie Eng, Megan Nelson, Yong Cai, Aakansha Nangarlia, Zhiyi Tian, Yanping Liu, Stephen Watt

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Abstract

Introduction: The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises testing individuals for COVID-19 after exposure or if they display symptoms. However, a deeper understanding of demographic factors associated with testing hesitancy is necessary.

Methods: A US nationwide cross-sectional survey of adults with risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 ("high-risk" individuals) was conducted from August 18-September 5, 2023. Objectives included characterizing demographics and attitudes associated with COVID-19 testing. Inverse propensity weighting was used to weight the data to accurately reflect the high-risk adult US population as reflected in IQVIA medical claims data. We describe here the weighted results modeled to characterize demographic factors driving hesitancy.

Results: In the weighted sample of 5019 respondents at high risk for severe COVID-19, 58.2% were female, 37.8% were ≥ 65 years old, 77.1% were White, and 13.9% had a postgraduate degree. Overall, 67% were Non-testers (who indicated that they were unlikely or unsure of their likelihood of being tested within the next 6 months); these respondents were significantly more likely than Testers (who indicated a higher probability of testing within 6 months) to be female (60.2 vs. 54.1%; odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)], 1.3 [1.1‒1.4]), aged ≥ 65 years old (41.5 vs. 30.3%; OR [95% CI] compared with ages 18‒34 years, 0.6 [0.5‒0.7]), White (82.1 vs. 66.8%; OR [95% CI], 1.4 [1.1‒1.8]), and to identify as politically conservative (40.9 vs. 18.1%; OR [95% CI], 2.6 [2.3‒2.9]). In contrast, Testers were significantly more likely than Non-testers to have previous experience with COVID-19 testing, infection, or vaccination; greater knowledge regarding COVID-19 and testing; greater healthcare engagement; and concerns about COVID-19.

Conclusions: Older, female, White, rural-dwelling, and politically conservative high-risk adults are the most likely individuals to experience COVID-19 testing hesitancy. Understanding these demographic factors will help guide strategies to improve US testing rates.

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对有 COVID-19 严重后果风险的美国成年人中导致 COVID-19 检测意愿的因素进行横断面调查。

简介：美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）建议个人在接触 COVID-19 病毒后或出现症状时进行检测。然而，有必要深入了解与检测犹豫相关的人口因素：方法：2023 年 8 月 18 日至 9 月 5 日，在美国全国范围内对具有感染严重 COVID-19 风险因素的成年人（"高危 "人群）进行了横断面调查。调查目的包括了解与 COVID-19 检测相关的人口统计学特征和态度。采用反倾向加权法对数据进行加权，以准确反映 IQVIA 医疗索赔数据中反映的美国高风险成年人口。我们在此介绍加权结果模型，以描述导致犹豫不决的人口因素：在 5019 名严重 COVID-19 高风险受访者的加权样本中，58.2% 为女性，37.8% ≥ 65 岁，77.1% 为白人，13.9% 拥有研究生学位。总体而言，67% 的受访者为非测试者（表示不太可能或不确定未来 6 个月内接受测试的可能性）；这些受访者中女性的比例明显高于测试者（表示 6 个月内接受测试的可能性较高）（60.2 比 54.1%；赔率比 [OR] [OR]）。1%；几率比 [OR] [95% 置信区间 (CI)]，1.3 [1.1-1.4]），年龄≥ 65 岁（41.5 vs. 30.3%；OR [95% CI] 与 18-34 岁相比，0.6[0.5-0.7]）、白人（82.1% 对 66.8%；OR[95% CI]，1.4[1.1-1.8]）、政治保守（40.9% 对 18.1%；OR[95% CI]，2.6[2.3-2.9]）。相比之下，测试者比非测试者更有可能以前有过 COVID-19 测试、感染或接种经验；对 COVID-19 和测试有更多的了解；更多地参与医疗保健；以及对 COVID-19 的担忧：结论：年龄较大、女性、白人、居住在农村、政治保守的高风险成年人最有可能对 COVID-19 检测犹豫不决。了解这些人口统计学因素将有助于指导提高美国检测率的策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infectious Diseases and Therapy Medicine-Microbiology (medical)

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

1.90%

发文量

136

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Infectious Diseases and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, rapid publication journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of infectious disease therapies and interventions, including vaccines and devices. Studies relating to diagnostic products and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. Areas of focus include, but are not limited to, bacterial and fungal infections, viral infections (including HIV/AIDS and hepatitis), parasitological diseases, tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, vaccinations and other interventions, and drug-resistance, chronic infections, epidemiology and tropical, emergent, pediatric, dermal and sexually-transmitted diseases.