Role of novel protein acylation modifications in immunity and its related diseases

IF 4.9 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunology Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI:10.1111/imm.13822

Xiaoqian Li, Tao Yu, Xiaolu Li, Xiangqin He, Bei Zhang, Yanyan Yang

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Abstract

The cross-regulation of immunity and metabolism is currently a research hotspot in life sciences and immunology. Metabolic immunology plays an important role in cutting-edge fields such as metabolic regulatory mechanisms in immune cell development and function, and metabolic targets and immune-related disease pathways. Protein post-translational modification (PTM) is a key epigenetic mechanism that regulates various biological processes and highlights metabolite functions. Currently, more than 400 PTM types have been identified to affect the functions of several proteins. Among these, metabolic PTMs, particularly various newly identified histone or non-histone acylation modifications, can effectively regulate various functions, processes and diseases of the immune system, as well as immune-related diseases. Thus, drugs aimed at targeted acylation modification can have substantial therapeutic potential in regulating immunity, indicating a new direction for further clinical translational research. This review summarises the characteristics and functions of seven novel lysine acylation modifications, including succinylation, S-palmitoylation, lactylation, crotonylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation and malonylation, and their association with immunity, thereby providing valuable references for the diagnosis and treatment of immune disorders associated with new acylation modifications.

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新型蛋白质酰化修饰在免疫及其相关疾病中的作用。

免疫与代谢的交叉调节是当前生命科学和免疫学的研究热点。代谢免疫学在免疫细胞发育和功能的代谢调控机制、代谢靶点与免疫相关疾病途径等前沿领域发挥着重要作用。蛋白质翻译后修饰（PTM）是一种关键的表观遗传机制，可调控各种生物过程并突出代谢物的功能。目前，已发现 400 多种 PTM 类型会影响多种蛋白质的功能。其中，代谢 PTM，尤其是新发现的各种组蛋白或非组蛋白酰化修饰，可有效调控免疫系统的各种功能、过程和疾病，以及与免疫相关的疾病。因此，针对酰化修饰的药物在调节免疫方面具有巨大的治疗潜力，为进一步的临床转化研究指明了新的方向。本综述总结了琥珀酰化、S-棕榈酰化、乳酰化、巴豆酰化、2-羟基异丁酰化、β-羟基丁酰化和丙二酰化等七种新型赖氨酸酰化修饰的特点和功能及其与免疫的关系，从而为诊断和治疗与新型酰化修饰相关的免疫性疾病提供有价值的参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

1.60%

发文量

175

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Immunology is one of the longest-established immunology journals and is recognised as one of the leading journals in its field. We have global representation in authors, editors and reviewers. Immunology publishes papers describing original findings in all areas of cellular and molecular immunology. High-quality original articles describing mechanistic insights into fundamental aspects of the immune system are welcome. Topics of interest to the journal include: immune cell development, cancer immunology, systems immunology/omics and informatics, inflammation, immunometabolism, immunology of infection, microbiota and immunity, mucosal immunology, and neuroimmunology. The journal also publishes commissioned review articles on subjects of topical interest to immunologists, and commissions in-depth review series: themed sets of review articles which take a 360° view of select topics at the heart of immunological research.