Structure of compound and component communities of fleas parasitic on small mammals in six different regions as revealed by environmental-based co-occurrence geometry analyses.

IF 3.5 1区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Boris R Krasnov, Vasily I Grabovsky, Irina S Khokhlova, Natalia P Korallo-Vinarskaya, M Fernanda López Berrizbietia, Sonja Matthee, Juliana Sanchez, Michal Stanko, Luther VAN DER Mescht, Maxim V Vinarski
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Abstract

We inferred the patterns of co-occurrence of flea species in compound (across all host species) and component (across conspecific hosts) communities from six regions of the world (Mongolia, Northwest Argentina, Argentinian Patagonia, West Siberia, Slovakia, and South Africa) using the novel eigenvector ellipsoid method. This method allows us to infer structural community patterns by comparing species' environmental requirements with the pattern of their co-occurrences. We asked whether: (a) communities are characterized by species segregation, nestedness, or modularity; (b) patterns detected by the novel method conform to the patterns identified by traditional methods that search for non-randomness in community structure; and (c) the pattern of flea species co-occurrences in component communities is associated with host species traits. The results of the application of the eigenvector ellipsoid method suggested that the co-occurrence of flea species was random in all compound communities except in South Africa, where this community demonstrated a tendency to be nested. Flea species co-occurrences were random in many component communities. Species segregation was detected in the flea community of one host, whereas the flea communities of 14 hosts from different regions appeared to be nested. No indication of a modular structure in any community was found. The nestedness of flea component communities was mainly characteristic of hosts with a low relative brain mass. We concluded that the application of this novel method that combines data on species distribution and their environmental requirements allows better identification of the community structural patterns and produces more reliable results as compared with traditional methods.

基于环境的共现几何分析揭示了寄生于小型哺乳动物的跳蚤在六个不同地区的复合群落和组成群落的结构。
我们利用新颖的特征向量椭球法推断了全球六个地区(蒙古、阿根廷西北部、阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚、西西伯利亚、斯洛伐克和南非)跳蚤物种在复合群落(所有寄主物种)和成分群落(同种寄主)中的共现模式。这种方法使我们能够通过比较物种对环境的要求和它们的共同出现模式来推断群落的结构模式。我们的问题是:(a) 群落是否具有物种隔离、嵌套或模块化的特征;(b) 新型方法检测到的模式是否与寻找群落结构非随机性的传统方法所确定的模式一致;(c) 跳蚤物种在组成群落中的共现模式是否与宿主物种特征有关。特征向量椭圆体法的应用结果表明,除南非外,所有复合群落中跳蚤物种的共生都是随机的,该群落表现出嵌套趋势。在许多组成群落中,跳蚤物种的共存是随机的。在一种寄主的跳蚤群落中发现了物种隔离现象,而来自不同地区的 14 种寄主的跳蚤群落似乎是嵌套的。没有发现任何群落具有模块化结构的迹象。跳蚤群落的嵌套性主要体现在相对脑质量较低的宿主身上。我们的结论是,与传统方法相比,应用这种将物种分布数据和环境要求数据相结合的新方法可以更好地识别群落结构模式,并得出更可靠的结果。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
12.10%
发文量
81
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The official journal of the International Society of Zoological Sciences focuses on zoology as an integrative discipline encompassing all aspects of animal life. It presents a broader perspective of many levels of zoological inquiry, both spatial and temporal, and encourages cooperation between zoology and other disciplines including, but not limited to, physics, computer science, social science, ethics, teaching, paleontology, molecular biology, physiology, behavior, ecology and the built environment. It also looks at the animal-human interaction through exploring animal-plant interactions, microbe/pathogen effects and global changes on the environment and human society. Integrative topics of greatest interest to INZ include: (1) Animals & climate change (2) Animals & pollution (3) Animals & infectious diseases (4) Animals & biological invasions (5) Animal-plant interactions (6) Zoogeography & paleontology (7) Neurons, genes & behavior (8) Molecular ecology & evolution (9) Physiological adaptations
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