A comprehensive review of deep borehole heat exchangers (DBHEs): subsurface modelling studies and applications

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
Isa Kolo, Christopher S. Brown, William Nibbs, Wanlong Cai, Gioia Falcone, Thomas Nagel, Chaofan Chen
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Abstract

Deep borehole heat exchangers (DBHEs) with depths exceeding 500 m have been researched comprehensively in the literature, focusing on both applications and subsurface modelling. This review focuses on conventional (vertical) DBHEs and provides a critical literature survey to analyse (i) methodologies for modelling; (ii) results from heat extraction modelling; (iii) results from modelling deep borehole thermal energy storage; (iv) results from heating and cooling models; and (v) real case studies. Numerical models generally compare well to analytical models whilst maintaining more flexibility, but often with increased computational resources. Whilst in-situ geological parameters cannot be readily modified without resorting to well stimulation techniques (e.g. hydraulic or chemical stimulation), engineering system parameters (such as mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid) can be optimised to increase thermal yield and overall system performance, and minimise pressure drops. In this active research area, gaps remain, such as limited detailed studies into the effects of geological heterogeneity on heat extraction. Other less studied areas include: DBHE arrays, boundary conditions and modes of operation. A small number of studies have been conducted to investigate the potential for deep borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) and an overview of storage efficiency metrics is provided herein to bring consistency to the reporting of thermal energy storage performance of such systems. The modifications required to accommodate cooling loads are also presented. Finally, the active field of DBHE research is generating a growing number of case studies, particularly in areas with low-cost drilling supply chains or abandoned hydrocarbon or geothermal wells suitable for repurposing. Existing and planned projects are thus presented for conventional (vertical) DBHEs. Despite growing interest in this area of research, further work is needed to explore DBHE systems for cooling and thermal energy storage.

深孔热交换器 (DBHE) 综述:地下建模研究与应用
文献对深度超过 500 米的深孔热交换器(DBHE)进行了全面研究,重点是应用和地下建模。本综述侧重于常规(垂直)DBHE,并提供了重要的文献调查,以分析 (i) 建模方法;(ii) 热提取建模结果;(iii) 深井热能存储建模结果;(iv) 加热和冷却模型结果;以及 (v) 实际案例研究。数值模型与分析模型相比,一般都能保持较高的灵活性,但往往需要增加计算资源。如果不采用油井激发技术(如水力或化学激发),原位地质参数无法轻易改变,但工程系统参数(如导热流体的质量流量)可以优化,以提高热产率和整体系统性能,并最大限度地减少压降。在这一活跃的研究领域,差距依然存在,例如对地质异质性对热提取影响的详细研究有限。其他研究较少的领域包括DBHE 阵列、边界条件和运行模式。已有少量研究对深孔热能存储(BTES)的潜力进行了调查,本文对存储效率指标进行了概述,以使此类系统的热能存储性能报告具有一致性。此外,还介绍了适应冷却负荷所需的修改。最后,活跃的 DBHE 研究领域正在产生越来越多的案例研究,特别是在具有低成本钻井供应链或适合重新利用的废弃碳氢化合物或地热井的地区。因此,本文介绍了常规(垂直)DBHE 的现有项目和计划项目。尽管人们对这一研究领域的兴趣与日俱增,但仍需进一步开展工作,探索用于冷却和热能存储的 DBHE 系统。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal Energy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
25
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Geothermal Energy is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It focuses on fundamental and applied research needed to deploy technologies for developing and integrating geothermal energy as one key element in the future energy portfolio. Contributions include geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies; exploration of geothermal fields; reservoir characterization and modeling; development of productivity-enhancing methods; and approaches to achieve robust and economic plant operation. Geothermal Energy serves to examine the interaction of individual system components while taking the whole process into account, from the development of the reservoir to the economic provision of geothermal energy.
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