Tracking of microplastics distribution patterns and their characterisation in deposited road dust from Dhaka city, Bangladesh

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI:10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100381

Mohammad Toha , R-Rafiul Rahman , Sadia Sikder , Md Ahedul Akbor , Md Mostafizur Rahman

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Abstract

The widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in road dust has considerable concern regarding their potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Despite the massive production of plastic, the erudition of MPs distribution patterns in various sizes of deposited road dust is still limited around the globe. Thus, the aim of this research is to provide an unambiguous picture of MPs distributional pattern, identification, classification, quantification, and features from road dust in various zones and types of roadways in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study examined MPs in road dust samples with particle sizes ranging from 300 to 150 μm (Group-A), 149-75 μm (Group-B), and <75 μm (Group-C). This work extracted MPs from road dust using 30 % H₂O₂, 1.6 g/cm³ ZnCl₂, and 0.45 μm filter paper. A fluorescent microscope (Motic B410E, Germany), Motic Pictures, and 3.0 ML software were utilized to identify MPs visually. Additionally, FTIR and SEM were utilized to determine the chemical composition of MPs. Group-A Road dust samples had a significantly higher concentration of MPs (38945 items/kg) compared to Group-B and <75 μm Group-C dust (16720 and 5945 items/kg, respectively). The distribution hierarchy for total MPs on average by location and type of road is as follows: paved road (355 items/5 g) > unpaved road (325 items/5 g) > soil samples (294 items/5 g), roadside dust samples (284 items/5 g), and mid-road (283 items/5 g). By taking into account all sizes of road dust samples, the MPs were classified as fiber (70.26 %), fragment (26.12 %), beads (0.66 %), films (1.32 %), and foams (1.58 %). It was found that adults inhaled MPs an average of 1612 items/day, while they ingested an average of 880 items/day. Children had an inhalation rate of 1232 items/day and an ingestion rate of 10267 items/day, which was 4–17 times greater than in other countries. This study identified 22 MPs polymer types, and SEM results show that MPs surfaces are being weathered into nanoplastics, creating a more hazardous environment.

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跟踪孟加拉国达卡市沉积道路尘埃中的微塑料分布模式及其特征

道路尘埃中广泛存在的微塑料（MPs）引起了人们对其对生态系统和人类健康潜在风险的极大关注。尽管塑料产量巨大，但全球范围内对各种大小的沉积道路尘埃中 MPs 分布模式的了解仍然有限。因此，本研究的目的是对孟加拉国达卡不同区域和不同类型道路灰尘中 MPs 的分布模式、识别、分类、量化和特征进行明确的描述。本研究检测了道路灰尘样本中的 MPs，其粒径范围为 300 至 150 μm（A 组）、149-75 μm（B 组）和 75 μm（C 组）。这项工作使用 30 % H2O2、1.6 g/cm3 ZnCl2 和 0.45 μm 滤纸从道路灰尘中提取 MPs。利用荧光显微镜（Motic B410E，德国）、Motic Pictures 和 3.0 ML 软件对 MPs 进行视觉识别。此外，还利用傅立叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜来确定 MPs 的化学成分。与 B 组和 75 μm C 组灰尘（分别为 16720 和 5945 微克/千克）相比，A 组道路灰尘样本的 MPs 浓度（38945 微克/千克）明显更高。按地点和道路类型划分的总 MPs 平均分布层次如下：铺面道路（355 项/5 g）；未铺面道路（325 项/5 g）；土壤样本（294 项/5 g）；路边灰尘样本（284 项/5 g）；以及道路中间（283 项/5 g）。考虑到道路灰尘样本的所有尺寸，MPs 被分为纤维（70.26 %）、碎片（26.12 %）、珠子（0.66 %）、薄膜（1.32 %）和泡沫（1.58 %）。研究发现，成年人平均每天吸入 1612 个 MPs，平均每天摄入 880 个 MPs。儿童的吸入率为 1232 件/天，摄入率为 10267 件/天，是其他国家的 4-17 倍。这项研究确定了 22 种 MPs 聚合物类型，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结果表明，MPs 表面正在被风化成纳米塑料，从而创造了一个更加危险的环境。

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来源期刊

Emerging Contaminants Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

审稿时长

44 days

期刊介绍： Emerging Contaminants is an outlet for world-leading research addressing problems associated with environmental contamination caused by emerging contaminants and their solutions. Emerging contaminants are defined as chemicals that are not currently (or have been only recently) regulated and about which there exist concerns regarding their impact on human or ecological health. Examples of emerging contaminants include disinfection by-products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic chemicals, and mercury etc. as well as their degradation products. We encourage papers addressing science that facilitates greater understanding of the nature, extent, and impacts of the presence of emerging contaminants in the environment; technology that exploits original principles to reduce and control their environmental presence; as well as the development, implementation and efficacy of national and international policies to protect human health and the environment from emerging contaminants.