No effects of acute stress on monetary delay discounting: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Paul A.G. Forbes , Jonas P. Nitschke , Nicole Hochmeister , Tobias Kalenscher , Claus Lamm
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Many everyday decisions, including those concerning our health, finances and the environment, involve choosing between a smaller but imminent reward (e.g., €20 now) and a later but larger reward (e.g., €40 in a month). The extent to which an individual prefers smaller imminent rewards over larger delayed rewards can be measured using delay discounting tasks. Acute stress induces a cascade of biological and psychological responses with potential consequences for how individuals think about the future, process rewards, and make decisions, all of which can impact delay discounting. Several studies have shown that individuals focus more on imminent rewards under stress. These findings have been used to explain why individuals make detrimental choices under acute stress. Yet, the evidence linking acute stress to delay discounting is equivocal. To address this uncertainty, we conducted a meta-analysis of 11 studies (14 effects) to systematically quantify the effects of acute stress on monetary delay discounting. Overall, we find no effect of acute stress on delay discounting, compared to control conditions (SMD = −0.18, 95% CI [-0.57, 0.20], p = 0.32). We also find that neither the gender/sex of the participants, the type of stressor (e.g., physical vs. psychosocial) nor whether monetary decisions were hypothetical or incentivized (i.e. monetary decisions were actually paid out) moderated the impact of acute stress on monetary delay discounting. We argue that establishing the effects of acute stress on the separate processes involved in delay discounting, such as reward valuation and prospection, will help to resolve the inconsistencies in the field.

急性压力对货币延迟贴现没有影响:系统性文献综述和元分析
许多日常决策,包括与我们的健康、财务和环境有关的决策,都涉及在较小但迫在眉睫的奖励(如现在的 20 欧元)和较晚但较大的奖励(如一个月后的 40 欧元)之间做出选择。一个人在多大程度上更喜欢较小的即时奖励而不是较大的延迟奖励,可以通过延迟贴现任务来衡量。急性压力会诱发一连串的生理和心理反应,对个人思考未来、处理奖励和做出决策的方式产生潜在影响,所有这些都会影响延迟折现。多项研究表明,人在压力下会更加关注即将到来的奖励。这些研究结果被用来解释为什么人在急性压力下会做出不利的选择。然而,将急性压力与延迟折现联系起来的证据并不明确。为了解决这一不确定性,我们对 11 项研究(14 种影响)进行了荟萃分析,系统地量化了急性压力对货币延迟折现的影响。总体而言,与对照组相比,我们发现急性压力对延迟折现没有影响(SMD = -0.18,95% CI [-0.57, 0.20],p = 0.32)。我们还发现,参与者的性别、压力源的类型(如身体压力与社会心理压力)以及货币决策是假设性的还是激励性的(即货币决策是实际支付的)都不会调节急性压力对货币延迟折现的影响。我们认为,确定急性应激对延迟折现所涉及的不同过程(如奖励估值和预测)的影响将有助于解决该领域的不一致问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Neurobiology of Stress
Neurobiology of Stress Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
4.00%
发文量
74
审稿时长
48 days
期刊介绍: Neurobiology of Stress is a multidisciplinary journal for the publication of original research and review articles on basic, translational and clinical research into stress and related disorders. It will focus on the impact of stress on the brain from cellular to behavioral functions and stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (such as depression, trauma and anxiety). The translation of basic research findings into real-world applications will be a key aim of the journal. Basic, translational and clinical research on the following topics as they relate to stress will be covered: Molecular substrates and cell signaling, Genetics and epigenetics, Stress circuitry, Structural and physiological plasticity, Developmental Aspects, Laboratory models of stress, Neuroinflammation and pathology, Memory and Cognition, Motivational Processes, Fear and Anxiety, Stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (including depression, PTSD, substance abuse), Neuropsychopharmacology.
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