Temporal trends in disparities in COVID-19 seropositivity among Canadian blood donors.

IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Yuan Yu, Matthew J Knight, Diana Gibson, Sheila F O'Brien, David L Buckeridge, W Alton Russell
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: In Canada's largest COVID-19 serological study, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood donors have been monitored since 2020. No study has analysed changes in the association between anti-N seropositivity (a marker of recent infection) and geographic and sociodemographic characteristics over the pandemic.

Methods: Using Bayesian multi-level models with spatial effects at the census division level, we analysed changes in correlates of SARS-CoV-2 anti-N seropositivity across three periods in which different variants predominated (pre-Delta, Delta and Omicron). We analysed disparities by geographic area, individual traits (age, sex, race) and neighbourhood factors (urbanicity, material deprivation and social deprivation). Data were from 420 319 blood donations across four regions (Ontario, British Columbia [BC], the Prairies and the Atlantic region) from December 2020 to November 2022.

Results: Seropositivity was higher for racialized minorities, males and individuals in more materially deprived neighbourhoods in the pre-Delta and Delta waves. These subgroup differences dissipated in the Omicron wave as large swaths of the population became infected. Across all waves, seropositivity was higher in younger individuals and those with lower neighbourhood social deprivation. Rural residents had high seropositivity in the Prairies, but not other regions. Compared to generalized linear models, multi-level models with spatial effects had better fit and lower error when predicting SARS-CoV-2 anti-N seropositivity by geographic region.

Conclusions: Correlates of recent COVID-19 infection have evolved over the pandemic. Many disparities lessened during the Omicron wave, but public health intervention may be warranted to address persistently higher burden among young people and those with less social deprivation.

加拿大献血者 COVID-19 血清阳性率差异的时间趋势。
背景:在加拿大最大的 COVID-19 血清学研究中,自 2020 年以来一直在监测献血者体内的 SARS-CoV-2 抗体。还没有研究分析过抗 N 血清阳性(近期感染的标志)与大流行期间地理和社会人口特征之间的关联变化:我们使用具有人口普查分区空间效应的贝叶斯多层次模型,分析了 SARS-CoV-2 抗-N 血清阳性相关性在不同变种占主导地位的三个时期(德尔塔前、德尔塔和 Omicron)的变化。我们按地理区域、个人特征(年龄、性别、种族)和邻里因素(城市化、物质匮乏和社会贫困)分析了差异。数据来自 2020 年 12 月至 2022 年 11 月四个地区(安大略省、不列颠哥伦比亚省[BC]、大草原和大西洋地区)的 420 319 例献血:在三角洲前和三角洲波中,少数种族、男性和物质条件较差社区的个人血清阳性率较高。随着大批人口受到感染,这些亚群差异在 Omicron 波中逐渐消失。在所有波次中,年轻人和社区社会贫困程度较低的人群血清阳性率较高。大草原地区的农村居民血清阳性率较高,而其他地区的农村居民血清阳性率则不高。与广义线性模型相比,具有空间效应的多层次模型在按地理区域预测SARS-CoV-2抗N血清阳性率时,拟合度更高,误差更小:结论:COVID-19 近期感染的相关因素随着疫情的发展而变化。在 "Omicron "大流行期间,许多差异都有所缩小,但仍有必要采取公共卫生干预措施,以解决年轻人和社会贫困程度较低的人群中持续存在的较高感染率问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International journal of epidemiology
International journal of epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
13.60
自引率
2.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Epidemiology is a vital resource for individuals seeking to stay updated on the latest advancements and emerging trends in the field of epidemiology worldwide. The journal fosters communication among researchers, educators, and practitioners involved in the study, teaching, and application of epidemiology pertaining to both communicable and non-communicable diseases. It also includes research on health services and medical care. Furthermore, the journal presents new methodologies in epidemiology and statistics, catering to professionals working in social and preventive medicine. Published six times a year, the International Journal of Epidemiology provides a comprehensive platform for the analysis of data. Overall, this journal is an indispensable tool for staying informed and connected within the dynamic realm of epidemiology.
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