Temperate Versus Arctic: Unraveling the Effects of Temperature on Oil Toxicity in Gammarids

IF 3.6 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI:10.1002/etc.5897

Martine J. van den Heuvel-Greve, Michiel T. O. Jonker, Michiel A. Klaassen, Isolde C. Puts, Gabrielle Verbeeke, Lisa Hoekema, Edwin M. Foekema, Albertinka J. Murk

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Abstract

Shipping activities are increasing with sea ice receding in the Arctic, leading to higher risks of accidents and oil spills. Because Arctic toxicity data are limited, oil spill risk assessments for the Arctic are challenging to conduct. In the present study, we tested if acute oil toxicity metrics obtained at temperate conditions reflect those at Arctic conditions. The effects of temperature (4 °C, 12 °C, and 20 °C) on the median lethal concentration (LC50) and the critical body residue (CBR) of the temperate invertebrate Gammarus locusta exposed to water accommodated fractions of a fuel oil were determined. Both toxicity metrics decreased with increasing temperature. In addition, data for the temperate G. locusta were compared to data obtained for Arctic Gammarus species at 4 °C. The LC50 for the Arctic Gammarus sp. was a factor of 3 higher than that for the temperate G. locusta at 4 °C, but its CBR was similar, although both the exposure time and concentration were extended to reach lethality. Probably, this was a result of the larger size and higher weight and total lipid content of Arctic gammarids compared to the temperate gammarids. Taken together, the present data support the use of temperate acute oil toxicity data as a basis for assessing risks in the Arctic region, provided that the effects of temperature on oil fate and functional traits (e.g., body size and lipid content) of test species are considered. As such, using the CBR as a toxicity metric is beneficial because it is independent of functional traits, despite its temperature dependency. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report CBRs for oil. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1627–1637. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

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温带与北极：揭示温度对软体动物油类毒性的影响。

随着北极海冰的消退，航运活动不断增加，导致事故和漏油风险上升。由于北极地区的毒性数据有限，因此对北极地区进行溢油风险评估具有挑战性。在本研究中，我们测试了在温带条件下获得的急性油类毒性指标是否反映了北极条件下的情况。我们测定了温度（4 °C、12 °C 和 20 °C）对温带无脊椎动物蝗虫（Gammarus locusta）暴露于含有燃油馏分的水中的中位致死浓度（LC50）和临界体残留量（CBR）的影响。这两项毒性指标都随着温度的升高而降低。此外，还将温带蝗虫的数据与在 4 °C 温度条件下从北极蝗虫中获得的数据进行了比较。北极鳕鱼的半数致死浓度比温带鳕鱼在 4 °C 下的半数致死浓度高出 3 倍，但其 CBR 相似，尽管达到致死浓度的暴露时间和浓度都有所延长。这可能是因为与温带蚱蜢相比，北极蚱蜢体型较大，重量和总脂质含量较高。综上所述，本数据支持使用温带急性油类毒性数据作为评估北极地区风险的基础，前提是考虑到温度对油类归宿和测试物种功能特征（如体型和脂质含量）的影响。因此，使用 CBR 作为毒性指标是有益的，因为尽管 CBR 与温度有关，但它与功能特征无关。据我们所知，本研究首次报告了油类的 CBR。环境毒物化学 2024；00：1-11。© 2024 作者。环境毒理学与化学》由 Wiley Periodicals LLC 代表 SETAC 出版。

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来源期刊

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

9.80%

发文量

265

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) publishes two journals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (ET&C) and Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is dedicated to furthering scientific knowledge and disseminating information on environmental toxicology and chemistry, including the application of these sciences to risk assessment.[...] Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is interdisciplinary in scope and integrates the fields of environmental toxicology; environmental, analytical, and molecular chemistry; ecology; physiology; biochemistry; microbiology; genetics; genomics; environmental engineering; chemical, environmental, and biological modeling; epidemiology; and earth sciences. ET&C seeks to publish papers describing original experimental or theoretical work that significantly advances understanding in the area of environmental toxicology, environmental chemistry and hazard/risk assessment. Emphasis is given to papers that enhance capabilities for the prediction, measurement, and assessment of the fate and effects of chemicals in the environment, rather than simply providing additional data. The scientific impact of papers is judged in terms of the breadth and depth of the findings and the expected influence on existing or future scientific practice. Methodological papers must make clear not only how the work differs from existing practice, but the significance of these differences to the field. Site-based research or monitoring must have regional or global implications beyond the particular site, such as evaluating processes, mechanisms, or theory under a natural environmental setting.