Speleomycological and chemical assessment of sediments in Demänovská Slobody Cave (Slovakia)

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI:10.1016/j.ibiod.2024.105828

Rafał Ogórek , Klaudyna Spychała , Magdalena Cal , Agnieszka Lejman , Jakub Suchodolski

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Abstract

Our study unveils the complex interplay between fungal diversity and geochemical environments within the Demänovská Slobody Cave, marking the first comprehensive speleomycological and chemical investigation of its kind. Through meticulous analysis using both microscopic techniques and ITS region gene barcoding, we recorded 17 fungal species, including four previously unrecorded in subterranean settings (Cladosporium ramotenellum, Porostereum spadiceum, Rhexocercosporidium carotae, and Trichocladium nigrospermum), with Porostereum spadiceum as the most prevalent. These findings illuminate the crucial role of fungi in subterranean biogeochemical cycles, demonstrating how nutrient levels and pH significantly influence fungal populations. Namely, the levels of mineral nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca) and organic matter in sediments within the cave were lower than in soil those outside it. Conversely, the pH values of the tested samples inside the cave were higher compared to those outside. Positive correlations were observed between the average number of fungi and the content of N, P, K, CO, and organic matter (p < 0.05). Conversely, the concentration of fungi decreased with increasing levels of Mg, Ca, and pH (p < 0.05). This research not only expands our understanding of cave ecosystems but also sets a new precedent for exploring the ecological impact of fungi in extreme environments.

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对 Demänovská Slobody 洞穴（斯洛伐克）沉积物的岩浆菌学和化学评估

我们的研究揭示了 Demänovská Slobody 洞穴中真菌多样性与地球化学环境之间复杂的相互作用，标志着同类研究中首次全面的洞穴真菌学和化学调查。通过使用显微镜技术和 ITS 区域基因条形码进行细致分析，我们记录了 17 种真菌，其中包括 4 种以前从未在地下环境中记录过的真菌（Cladosporium ramotenellum、Porostereum spadiceum、Rhexocercosporidium carotae 和 Trichocladium nigrospermum），而 Porostereum spadiceum 是最常见的真菌。这些发现揭示了真菌在地下生物地球化学循环中的关键作用，证明了养分水平和 pH 值对真菌种群的重要影响。也就是说，洞内沉积物中的矿物养分（氮、磷、钾、镁、钙）和有机物含量低于洞外土壤中的含量。相反，洞内测试样本的 pH 值要高于洞外。真菌的平均数量与氮、磷、钾、一氧化碳和有机物的含量呈正相关（p < 0.05）。相反，真菌的浓度随着镁、钙和 pH 值的增加而降低（p < 0.05）。这项研究不仅拓展了我们对洞穴生态系统的认识，而且为探索真菌在极端环境中对生态的影响开创了新的先例。

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来源期刊

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 生物-环境科学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

10.40%

发文量

107

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation publishes original research papers and reviews on the biological causes of deterioration or degradation.