Design and fracture mechanics of lithium-ion batteries

Davide Clerici , Francesca Pistorio , Aurelio Somà
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Abstract

Fracture mechanics plays a crucial role among the mechanisms causing damage, meant as capacity fade, in lithium-ion batteries. Mechanical stresses arise in the electrode active material particles because of the interaction of lithium ions with electrode microstructure during battery operation. The stresses lead to fractures growth in the electrode, which accelerates detrimental chemical reactions. In this work, a modelling approach is presented to assess the fracture level in the electrode microstructure, evaluating the influence of the current delivered by the battery, and electrode design characteristics, such as the electrode thickness, the electrode active material fraction and the size of the electrode micro-particles. The results show that stress intensity factor linearly increase with the current delivered by the battery. Furthermore, thicker electrodes, greater active material fraction and greater electrode micro-particles represent a more detrimental condition from the fracture mechanics point of view. The results provide a practical electrode design guideline for electrode manufacturing, especially for choosing the right particle size in the electrode powder, the electrode thickness and its composition to limit fracture according to the current expected to be delivered by the battery.

锂离子电池的设计和断裂力学
断裂力学在造成锂离子电池损坏(即容量衰减)的机制中起着至关重要的作用。在电池工作过程中,锂离子与电极微结构相互作用,在电极活性材料颗粒中产生机械应力。应力会导致电极断裂,从而加速有害的化学反应。本研究提出了一种评估电极微结构断裂程度的建模方法,评估了电池输出电流和电极设计特性(如电极厚度、电极活性材料比例和电极微粒尺寸)的影响。结果表明,应力强度因子随电池输出电流的增加而线性增加。此外,从断裂力学的角度来看,电极越厚、活性材料比例越大、电极微颗粒越大,则越不利。研究结果为电极制造提供了实用的电极设计指南,特别是根据电池的预期电流选择合适的电极粉粒度、电极厚度及其成分,以限制断裂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
1.70
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