{"title":"Influence of walking accessibility for metro system on pedestrian safety: A multiple membership multilevel model","authors":"Manman Zhu , N.N. Sze , Haojie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.amar.2024.100337","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the past decades, many cities have adopted transit-oriented development approach for urban planning. Studies have explored the effects of built environment, street network and accessibility on the perception and behaviour of pedestrians. However, the relationship between pedestrian safety and walking accessibility is less studied. In this study, influences of land use, socio-demographics, pedestrian network, and transport facilities on pedestrian crash frequencies in the areas around metro stations would be evaluated. Additionally, walking accessibility for individuals with and without physical disabilities would be accounted for. Since data at different spatial scales, i.e., zone level (individual) versus catchment area level (group), are used, the hierarchical approach is adopted for the crash frequency model. Furthermore, some zones are nested within the catchment areas of more than one metro station, the multiple membership approach should be adopted, accounting for the possible correlation. Different from the conventional multiple membership multilevel model, multiple membership weights would be assigned in accordance with the walking distances between zones and stations. Last but not least, temporal instability in the parameter estimation is also explored. Results indicate that pedestrian crash frequencies increase with population density, working population, traffic volume, walking trip, footpath density, node density, barrier-free facilities, bus stop, residential area, commercial area, and government and utility area. In contrast, pedestrian crash frequencies decrease with average gradient and walking accessibility. Findings should shed light on the street design that can enhance walking accessibility and public transport use, without compromising pedestrian safety. Moreover, issues of spatial crash analysis, including hierarchical data structure, and between- and within-group variances, are addressed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47520,"journal":{"name":"Analytic Methods in Accident Research","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Analytic Methods in Accident Research","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213665724000216","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In the past decades, many cities have adopted transit-oriented development approach for urban planning. Studies have explored the effects of built environment, street network and accessibility on the perception and behaviour of pedestrians. However, the relationship between pedestrian safety and walking accessibility is less studied. In this study, influences of land use, socio-demographics, pedestrian network, and transport facilities on pedestrian crash frequencies in the areas around metro stations would be evaluated. Additionally, walking accessibility for individuals with and without physical disabilities would be accounted for. Since data at different spatial scales, i.e., zone level (individual) versus catchment area level (group), are used, the hierarchical approach is adopted for the crash frequency model. Furthermore, some zones are nested within the catchment areas of more than one metro station, the multiple membership approach should be adopted, accounting for the possible correlation. Different from the conventional multiple membership multilevel model, multiple membership weights would be assigned in accordance with the walking distances between zones and stations. Last but not least, temporal instability in the parameter estimation is also explored. Results indicate that pedestrian crash frequencies increase with population density, working population, traffic volume, walking trip, footpath density, node density, barrier-free facilities, bus stop, residential area, commercial area, and government and utility area. In contrast, pedestrian crash frequencies decrease with average gradient and walking accessibility. Findings should shed light on the street design that can enhance walking accessibility and public transport use, without compromising pedestrian safety. Moreover, issues of spatial crash analysis, including hierarchical data structure, and between- and within-group variances, are addressed.
期刊介绍:
Analytic Methods in Accident Research is a journal that publishes articles related to the development and application of advanced statistical and econometric methods in studying vehicle crashes and other accidents. The journal aims to demonstrate how these innovative approaches can provide new insights into the factors influencing the occurrence and severity of accidents, thereby offering guidance for implementing appropriate preventive measures. While the journal primarily focuses on the analytic approach, it also accepts articles covering various aspects of transportation safety (such as road, pedestrian, air, rail, and water safety), construction safety, and other areas where human behavior, machine failures, or system failures lead to property damage or bodily harm.