Host preference patterns in domestic and wild settings: Insights into Anopheles feeding behavior

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Lemonde Bouafou, Boris K. Makanga, Nil Rahola, Marilou Boddé, Marc F. Ngangué, Josquin Daron, Audric Berger, Theo Mouillaud, Alex Makunin, Petra Korlević, Joachim Nwezeobi, Pierre Kengne, Christophe Paupy, Mara K. N. Lawniczak, Diego Ayala
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Abstract

The adaptation of Anopheles malaria vectors to domestic settings is directly linked to their ability to feed on humans. The strength of this species–habitat association is unequal across the species within the genus, with the major vectors being particularly dependent on humans. However, our understanding of how blood-feeding behavior interacts with and adapts to environmental settings, including the presence of humans, remains limited. Using a field-based approach, we first investigated Anopheles community structure and feeding behavior patterns in domestic and sylvatic settings in La Lopé National Park in Gabon, Central Africa. We characterized the preference indices using a dual-host choice sampling approach across mosquito species, habitats, and seasons. We then quantified the plastic biting behavior of mosquito species in each habitat. We collected individuals from 16 Anopheles species that exhibited significant differences in species composition and abundance between sylvatic and domestic settings. The host-seeking behavior also varied among the seven most abundant species. The general attractiveness to each host, human or animal, remained relatively constant for each species, but with significant variations between habitats across species. These variations, to more generalist and to more anthropophilic behavior, were related to seasonal changes and distance from the village, respectively. Finally, we pointed out that the host choice of major malaria vectors changed in the absence of humans, revealing a plastic feeding behavior of these species. This study highlights the effect of humans on Anopheles distribution and feeding evolution. The characterization of feeding behavior in wild and domestic settings provides opportunities to better understand the interplay between genetic determinants of host preference and ecological factors. Our findings suggest that protected areas may offer alternative thriving conditions to major malaria vectors.

Abstract Image

家庭和野生环境中的宿主偏好模式:对按蚊摄食行为的见解
按蚊疟疾病媒对家庭环境的适应与它们以人类为食的能力直接相关。这一物种-生境关联的强度在疟原虫属的不同物种之间是不平等的,主要的病媒尤其依赖人类。然而,我们对吸血行为如何与环境(包括人类的存在)相互作用并适应环境的了解仍然有限。我们首先在中非加蓬的拉洛佩国家公园(La Lopé National Park)采用实地研究的方法,调查了按蚊群落结构以及在家庭和草地环境中的取食行为模式。我们采用双宿主选择取样方法,对不同种类、栖息地和季节的蚊子进行了偏好指数特征描述。然后,我们对每个栖息地中蚊子物种的可塑性叮咬行为进行了量化。我们收集了 16 个按蚊物种的个体,它们的物种组成和丰度在热带雨林和家庭环境中表现出显著差异。在七个数量最多的物种中,寻找宿主的行为也各不相同。每个物种对每种宿主(人类或动物)的一般吸引力都相对稳定,但不同栖息地的物种之间存在显著差异。这些变化,即更多的一般行为和更多的嗜人行为,分别与季节变化和与村庄的距离有关。最后,我们指出,在没有人类的情况下,主要疟疾病媒对宿主的选择发生了变化,揭示了这些物种的可塑性摄食行为。这项研究强调了人类对按蚊分布和摄食进化的影响。对野生和家养环境中摄食行为的描述为更好地理解宿主偏好的遗传决定因素与生态因素之间的相互作用提供了机会。我们的研究结果表明,保护区可以为主要疟疾病媒提供替代性的繁衍条件。
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来源期刊
Evolutionary Applications
Evolutionary Applications 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Applications is a fully peer reviewed open access journal. It publishes papers that utilize concepts from evolutionary biology to address biological questions of health, social and economic relevance. Papers are expected to employ evolutionary concepts or methods to make contributions to areas such as (but not limited to): medicine, agriculture, forestry, exploitation and management (fisheries and wildlife), aquaculture, conservation biology, environmental sciences (including climate change and invasion biology), microbiology, and toxicology. All taxonomic groups are covered from microbes, fungi, plants and animals. In order to better serve the community, we also now strongly encourage submissions of papers making use of modern molecular and genetic methods (population and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, quantitative genetics, association and linkage mapping) to address important questions in any of these disciplines and in an applied evolutionary framework. Theoretical, empirical, synthesis or perspective papers are welcome.
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