18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and 68Ga-prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in the Evaluation of Rare Entity Adult Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of Prostate.

Abstract

A 21-year-old male with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate was referred for ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) and ⁶⁸Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT for initial disease staging. The PET scans revealed hypermetabolic and PSMA expressing lobulated mass involving both lobes of the prostate and weakly metabolic and PSMA expressing few bilateral pararectal and external iliac nodes, multiple bilateral lung nodules scattered over the lung parenchyma and multiple bone marrow lesions in both axial and appendicular skeleton. Magnetic resonance imaging prostate showed gross prostatomegaly with large lobulated T2 hyperintense heterogeneously enhancing mass lesion showing restricted diffusion, involving both lobes of the prostate with extraprostatic spread along anterior, posterior, and left lateral margins with evidence of lymph nodal and osseous metastases. The demonstration of increased uptake of ¹⁸F-FDG and ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA in the primary as well as bilateral pararectal and external iliac nodes, multiple bilateral lung nodules, and multiple bone marrow lesions in both axial and appendicular skeleton indicates a potential role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT in disease staging in this rare aggressive tumor of the prostate.