The high-affinity tryptophan uptake transport system in human cells.

IF 3.8 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Keisuke Wakasugi, Takumi Yokosawa
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The L-tryptophan (Trp) transport system is highly selective for Trp with affinity in the nanomolar range. This transport system is augmented in human interferon (IFN)-γ-treated and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)-expressing cells. Up-regulated cellular uptake of Trp causes a reduction in extracellular Trp and initiates immune suppression. Recent studies demonstrate that both IDO1 and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS), whose expression levels are up-regulated by IFN-γ, play a pivotal role in high-affinity Trp uptake into human cells. Furthermore, overexpression of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) elicits a similar effect as IDO1 on TrpRS-mediated high-affinity Trp uptake. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding this Trp uptake system and put forward a possible molecular mechanism based on Trp deficiency induced by IDO1 or TDO2 and tryptophanyl-AMP production by TrpRS.

人体细胞中的高亲和性色氨酸吸收转运系统。
L-色氨酸(Trp)转运系统对 Trp 具有高度选择性,亲和力在纳摩尔范围内。在经干扰素(IFN)-γ 处理和表达吲哚胺-2,3-二氧化酶 1(IDO1)的细胞中,这种转运系统会增强。细胞对 Trp 吸收的上调会导致细胞外 Trp 的减少,并引发免疫抑制。最近的研究表明,IDO1 和色氨酸-tRNA 合成酶(TrpRS)的表达水平受 IFN-γ 上调,它们在人类细胞吸收高亲和性 Trp 的过程中起着关键作用。此外,色氨酸 2,3-二氧合酶(TDO2)的过表达对 TrpRS 介导的高亲和性 Trp 摄取也有类似于 IDO1 的作用。在这篇综述中,我们总结了有关这一 Trp 摄取系统的最新发现,并提出了一种可能的分子机制,该机制基于 IDO1 或 TDO2 诱导的 Trp 缺乏以及 TrpRS 产生的色氨酸-AMP。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biochemical Society transactions
Biochemical Society transactions 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
351
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Biochemical Society Transactions is the reviews journal of the Biochemical Society. Publishing concise reviews written by experts in the field, providing a timely snapshot of the latest developments across all areas of the molecular and cellular biosciences. Elevating our authors’ ideas and expertise, each review includes a perspectives section where authors offer comment on the latest advances, a glimpse of future challenges and highlighting the importance of associated research areas in far broader contexts.
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