Toxicity of UV Filter Benzophenone-3 in Brine Shrimp Nauplii (Artemia salina) and Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos.

IF 6.8 Q1 TOXICOLOGY

Journal of Xenobiotics Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI:10.3390/jox14020032

Melissa I Ortiz-Román, Ileska M Casiano-Muñiz, Felix R Román-Velázquez

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Abstract

The benzophenone (BP) family, including oxybenzone (BP-3), a prevalent sunscreen ingredient and environmental contaminant, has raised concerns since the year 2005. This study investigated oxybenzone toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryos and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) nauplii, focusing on the LC₅₀ and developmental impacts. Zebrafish embryos (0.100-1.50 mg/L BP-3, 96 h) and A. salina (0.100-5.00 mg/L BP-3, 48 h) were tested with ultrasound-assisted emulsified liquid-phase microextraction (UA-ELPME) used for zebrafish tissue analysis. HPLC-DAD determined BP-3 concentrations (highest: 0.74 ± 0.13 mg/L). Although no significant zebrafish embryo mortality or hatching changes occurred, developmental effects were evident. Lethal concentrations were determined (A. salina LC₅₀ at 24 h = 3.19 ± 2.02 mg/L; D. rerio embryos LC₅₀ at 24 h = 4.19 ± 3.60 mg/L), with malformations indicating potential teratogenic effects. A. salina displayed intestinal tract alterations and D. rerio embryos exhibited pericardial edema and spinal deformities. These findings highlight oxybenzone's environmental risks, posing threats to species and ecosystem health.

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紫外线滤光器二苯甲酮-3 对盐水虾(Artemia salina)和斑马鱼(Danio rerio)胚胎的毒性

二苯甲酮（BP）家族，包括氧苯酮（BP-3），作为一种普遍的防晒成分和环境污染物，自 2005 年以来就引起了人们的关注。本研究调查了氧苯酮对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）eleutheroembryos 和卤虫（Artemia salina）naupli 的毒性，重点是半数致死浓度和对发育的影响。斑马鱼胚胎（0.100-1.50 毫克/升 BP-3，96 小时）和盐水虾（0.100-5.00 毫克/升 BP-3，48 小时）接受了超声辅助乳化液相微萃取（UA-ELPME）测试，该方法用于斑马鱼组织分析。HPLC-DAD 确定了 BP-3 的浓度（最高：0.74 ± 0.13 mg/L）。虽然斑马鱼胚胎没有明显死亡或孵化变化，但发育受到明显影响。测定的致死浓度为（A. salina 24 小时半数致死浓度 = 3.19 ± 2.02 mg/L；D. rerio 胚胎 24 小时半数致死浓度 = 4.19 ± 3.60 mg/L），畸形表明可能存在致畸作用。A. salina 表现出肠道改变，D. rerio 胚胎表现出心包水肿和脊柱畸形。这些发现凸显了羟苯甲酯的环境风险，对物种和生态系统健康构成威胁。

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来源期刊

Journal of Xenobiotics TOXICOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

1.70%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Xenobiotics publishes original studies concerning the beneficial (pharmacology) and detrimental effects (toxicology) of xenobiotics in all organisms. A xenobiotic (“stranger to life”) is defined as a chemical that is not usually found at significant concentrations or expected to reside for long periods in organisms. In addition to man-made chemicals, natural products could also be of interest if they have potent biological properties, special medicinal properties or that a given organism is at risk of exposure in the environment. Topics dealing with abiotic- and biotic-based transformations in various media (xenobiochemistry) and environmental toxicology are also of interest. Areas of interests include the identification of key physical and chemical properties of molecules that predict biological effects and persistence in the environment; the molecular mode of action of xenobiotics; biochemical and physiological interactions leading to change in organism health; pathophysiological interactions of natural and synthetic chemicals; development of biochemical indicators including new “-omics” approaches to identify biomarkers of exposure or effects for xenobiotics.