Evaluation of Patients Diagnosed with Essential Hypertension in Terms of Mental and Personality Disorders.

IF 1.3 Q3 PSYCHIATRY
Tanju Kaya, Nefise Demir
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Abstract

Objective: Recent studies have suggested a link between hypertension and psychiatric disorders. However, the relationship between hypertension and mental health conditions remains unclear. So in this study, it was aimed to compare the prevalence of psychiatric diseases seen in hypertension patients with the healthy group.

Methods: Psychiatric interviews were conducted with 104 patients in the hypertension group and 102 participants in the control group. The Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Disorders, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Clinician Version, and DSM-5 Structured Clinical Interview for Personality Disorders were implemented for participants.

Results: Patients with hypertension were found to have a significantly higher number of psychiatric disorders compared to the control group (χ 2 = 29.389; P = .001). Statistically significant difference in the diagnosis of severe depression, chronic depression disorder, and specific phobia was discovered between the 2 groups (P < .05). The HAM-A and HAM-D scores were also significantly higher in the hypertension group (P < .001). No statistically significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of the frequency of personality disorders. (χ 2 = 0.045; P = .833).

Conclusion: The fact that depression and anxiety symptoms are more common in hypertension patients stands out as a subject that needs further investigation in terms of both the pathophysiology of hypertension. In this regard, since essential hypertension is a serious risky disease for mortality and morbidity on its own, it is critical to conduct psychiatric screening and develop new additional treatments to provide patients with supportive care.

从精神和人格障碍的角度评估确诊为原发性高血压的患者。
目的:最近的研究表明,高血压与精神疾病之间存在联系。然而,高血压与精神疾病之间的关系仍不明确。因此,本研究旨在比较高血压患者与健康人群的精神疾病患病率:方法:对 104 名高血压组患者和 102 名对照组参与者进行了精神病学访谈。对参与者进行了社会人口学和临床数据表、汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表(HAM-D)、汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表(HAM-A)、《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版(DSM-5)疾病结构化临床访谈、DSM-5临床医师版结构化临床访谈和DSM-5人格障碍结构化临床访谈:结果:与对照组相比,高血压患者患有精神障碍的人数明显较多(χ 2 = 29.389; P = .001)。两组患者在重度抑郁症、慢性抑郁障碍和特殊恐惧症的诊断上存在统计学差异(P < .05)。高血压组的 HAM-A 和 HAM-D 评分也明显更高(P < .001)。在人格障碍的发生频率方面,患者组和对照组之间没有发现明显的统计学差异。(χ 2 = 0.045; P = .833):结论:抑郁和焦虑症状在高血压患者中更为常见,这一点在高血压的病理生理学方面需要进一步研究。在这方面,由于原发性高血压本身就是一种死亡率和发病率都很高的严重高危疾病,因此进行精神疾病筛查和开发新的额外治疗方法为患者提供支持性护理至关重要。
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