Diversity and biology of Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea), zoonotic parasites of wildlife: A review

IF 2 3区医学 Q3 ECOLOGY

International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100947

Roman Kuchta , Anna J. Phillips , Tomáš Scholz

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Abstract

Tapeworms of the genus Spirometra Faust, Campbell et Kellogg, 1929 have long been known as intestinal parasites of carnivores and their larvae (spargana) have been found in various vertebrates. Nevertheless, their species diversity, host associations and geographical distribution remain poorly understood. Molecular data clearly confirm the validity of the genus, which has been synonymised by several authors with Diphyllobothrium Cobbold, 1858. Despite morphological similarities between the species of the two genera, they are not closely related and also differ in their life cycle. The present review provides a list of the species recognised as valid and additional genotypes that may represent other species, with a basic characterisation of each taxon and comments on their validity, the probable range of definitive and intermediate hosts, and their distribution. The existing taxonomic problems and the insufficient knowledge of the host specificity and distribution of Spirometra tapeworms can only be solved by combining molecular and morphological data, i.e. by comparing genetically characterised specimens with corresponding morphological vouchers (hologenophores). Further targeted sampling and surveys are required to clarify the distribution and host associations.

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野生动物人畜共患病寄生虫螺旋绦虫（绦虫纲：双钩绦虫目）的多样性和生物学：综述

Spirometra Faust、Campbell et Kellogg（1929 年）属的绦虫长期以来一直是食肉动物的肠道寄生虫，其幼虫（spargana）在各种脊椎动物体内都有发现。然而，人们对它们的物种多样性、宿主关系和地理分布仍然知之甚少。分子数据清楚地证实了该属的有效性，有几位作者将其与 Diphyllobothrium Cobbold, 1858 同名。尽管这两个属的物种形态相似，但它们的亲缘关系并不密切，而且在生命周期上也存在差异。本综述列出了被认为有效的物种和可能代表其他物种的其他基因型，并对每个分类群的基本特征、其有效性、最终宿主和中间宿主的可能范围及其分布进行了评论。现有的分类问题以及对螺旋绦虫寄主特异性和分布的了解不足，只能通过结合分子和形态学数据，即通过比较基因特征标本和相应的形态学凭证（全息图）来解决。需要进一步开展有针对性的采样和调查，以明确其分布和宿主关系。

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来源期刊

International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

5.60%

发文量

113

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife (IJP-PAW) publishes the results of original research on parasites of all wildlife, invertebrate and vertebrate. This includes free-ranging, wild populations, as well as captive wildlife, semi-domesticated species (e.g. reindeer) and farmed populations of recently domesticated or wild-captured species (e.g. cultured fishes). Articles on all aspects of wildlife parasitology are welcomed including taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution, ecology and epidemiology, population biology and host-parasite relationships. The impact of parasites on the health and conservation of wildlife is seen as an important area covered by the journal especially the potential role of environmental factors, for example climate. Also important to the journal is ''one health'' and the nature of interactions between wildlife, people and domestic animals, including disease emergence and zoonoses.