ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS. REVIEW LITERATURE

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus causes a number of complications in various regions of the body including the oral cavity, the type and degree of which depends on the duration of the disease, its severity, and the age of the patient. Objective: The aim of this literature review was to summarize Oral manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Search strategy was applied with the aim of identifying as many relevant publications as possible. Data Sources four electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The key words used for the search were Diabetes mellitus, Oral complications in Diabetes, Oral manifestations, Periodontal disease, Xerostomia. Of the 146 studies identified, a total of 67 articles that met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review were included. Results: The results of a systematic review showed that oral manifestations and complications in patients with diabetes mellitus are one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus. There is more evidence that chronic oral complications in patients with diabetes negatively affect blood glucose control. Oral complications include many complications that patients with diabetes suffer from, including caries teeth, painful gingival swelling, periodontal disease and mobility of teeth, oral infections, salivary gland dysfunction, taste dysfunction, tongue abnormalities, bad breath and lichen planus. Knowledge of the characteristic clinical changes in oral tissues caused by diabetes mellitus helps medical professionals diagnose and treat diabetes. Conclusion: Prevention and treatment of complications with aspects of the oral cavity, especially periodontal disease, are important in patients with diabetes because of their possible adverse effects on glycemic control. Restoring sugar metabolism by correcting insulin deficiency can control diabetes mellitus. Promoting for healthy oral cavity for patients with diabetes mellitus is of paramount importance