Radiation-induced gastrointestinal and cutaneous injuries: understanding models, pathologies, assessments, and clinically accepted practices.

Radia Tamarat, Merriline M Satyamitra, Marc Benderitter, Andrea L DiCarlo
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Abstract

Purpose: A U. S. and European joint effort fostering the development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) operable in case of radiological or nuclear emergencies.

Methods: Based on the joint engagement between the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the French Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), a Statement of Intent to Collaborate was signed in 2014 and a series of working group meeting were established. In December 2022, the NIAID and IRSN hosted a five-day, U.S./European meeting titled 'Radiation-Induced Cutaneous and Gastrointestinal Injuries: Advances in Understanding Pathologies, Assessment, and Clinically Accepted Practices' in Paris, France. The goals of the meeting were to bring together U.S. and European investigators to explore new research avenues for the medical management of skin and gastrointestinal injuries, including specific diagnostics for each organ system, animal models, and promising medical countermeasures (MCMs) to mitigate radiation damage. There was also an emphasis on exploring additional areas of medicine and response to understand best practices from other emergency scenarios, which could be leveraged to improve radiation preparedness, and the importance of accurate dosimetry in preclinical work.

Results: Subsequent to the workshop, seven collaborative projects, funded by both organizations, were established on topics ranging from MCMs and predictive biomarkers, and using physical methods to assess cutaneous radiation injuries, to mechanistic studies to understand radiation-induced damage in multiple organ systems. The importance of accurate dosimetry in preclinical works was highlighted and two recently published U.S./European commentaries that focus on the need for dosimetry standardization in the reported literature had their origins in this meeting. This commentary summarizes the workshop and open discussions among academic investigators, industry researchers, and U.S. and IRSN program representatives.

Conclusions: Given the substantive progress made due to these interactions, both groups plan to expand out these meetings by incorporating high-level investigators from across the globe, while endeavoring to maintain the informal setting that was conducive to in-depth scientific discussion and enhanced the state of the science in radiation research.

辐射引起的胃肠道和皮肤损伤:了解模型、病理、评估和临床公认的做法。
目的:美国和欧洲共同努力,促进开发可在放射性或核紧急情况下使用的医疗对策(MCMs):在美国国家过敏与传染病研究所(NIAID)和法国辐射防护与核安全研究所(IRSN)共同参与的基础上,双方于 2014 年签署了合作意向声明,并召开了一系列工作组会议。2022 年 12 月,NIAID 和 IRSN 主办了一次为期五天的美国/欧洲会议,题为 "辐射诱发的皮肤和胃肠道损伤":病理、评估和临床公认做法的进展 "的美国/欧洲会议。会议的目的是汇集美国和欧洲的研究人员,探索皮肤和胃肠道损伤医疗管理的新研究途径,包括每个器官系统的具体诊断方法、动物模型以及减轻辐射损伤的有前途的医疗对策(MCMs)。研讨会还强调探索其他医学和应对领域,以了解其他紧急情况下的最佳做法,从而利用这些做法改进辐射防护,并强调临床前工作中精确剂量测定的重要性:研讨会之后,在两个组织的资助下,建立了七个合作项目,主题从多介质材料和预测性生物标志物、使用物理方法评估皮肤辐射损伤到机理研究,以了解辐射对多个器官系统造成的损害。会议强调了准确剂量测定在临床前工作中的重要性,最近发表的两篇美国/欧洲评论文章也是源于这次会议,这两篇文章重点关注了报告文献中剂量测定标准化的必要性。本评论总结了研讨会的情况以及学术研究人员、行业研究人员、美国和 IRSN 项目代表之间的公开讨论:鉴于这些互动取得了实质性进展,两个小组计划扩大这些会议的规模,吸收来自全球各地的高水平研究人员参加,同时努力保持有利于深入科学讨论的非正式环境,提高辐射研究的科学水平。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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