Avidity maturation of humoral response following primary and booster doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine among nursing home residents and healthcare workers.

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
GeroScience Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-25 DOI:10.1007/s11357-024-01215-y
Oladayo A Oyebanji, Nicholas Sundheimer, Vaishnavi Ragavapuram, Brigid M Wilson, Yasin Abul, Stefan Gravenstein, Jürgen Bosch, Christopher L King, David H Canaday
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Abstract

Infections, despite vaccination, can be clinically consequential for frail nursing home residents (NHR). Poor vaccine-induced antibody quality may add risk for such subsequent infections and more severe disease. We assessed antibody binding avidity, as a surrogate for antibody quality, among NHR and healthcare workers (HCW). We longitudinally sampled 112 NHR and 52 HCWs who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine after each dose up to the Wuhan-BA.4/5-based Omicron bivalent boosters. We quantified anti-spike, anti-receptor binding domain (RBD), and avidity levels to the ancestral Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 & 4/5 strains. The primary vaccination series produced substantial anti-spike and RBD levels which were low in avidity against all strains tested. Antibody avidity progressively increased in the 6-8 months that followed. Avidity significantly increased after the 1st booster but not for subsequent boosters. This study underscores the importance of booster vaccination among NHR and HCWs. The 1st booster dose increases avidity, increasing vaccine-induced functional antibody. The higher cross-reactivity of higher avidity antibodies to other SARS-CoV-2 strains should translate to better protection from ever-evolving strains. Higher avidities may help explain how the vaccine's protective effects persist despite waning antibody titers after each vaccine dose.

Abstract Image

养老院居民和医护人员接种 BNT162b2 mRNA 疫苗初次剂量和加强剂量后的体液反应成熟度。
尽管已接种疫苗,但感染仍会对体弱的疗养院居民(NHR)造成临床后果。疫苗诱导的抗体质量差可能会增加此类后续感染和更严重疾病的风险。我们评估了 NHR 和医护人员(HCW)的抗体结合率,作为抗体质量的替代指标。我们对 112 名新人类和 52 名医护人员进行了纵向采样,他们在每次接种后都接种了 BNT162b2 mRNA 疫苗,直至基于武汉-BA.4/5 的 Omicron 二价加强剂。我们对武汉株、Delta 株和 Omicron BA.1 & 4/5 株的抗穗、抗受体结合域 (RBD) 和抗体水平进行了量化。初级疫苗接种系列产生了大量抗尖头抗体和抗受体结合域抗体,但对所有测试菌株的抗体效价较低。在随后的 6-8 个月中,抗体效价逐渐升高。第一次加强免疫后抗体效价明显提高,但随后的加强免疫则没有提高。这项研究强调了在新人类和高危人群中加强接种疫苗的重要性。第 1 次加强免疫可提高抗体效价,增加疫苗诱导的功能性抗体。高价抗体对其他 SARS-CoV-2 株系的交叉反应性更强,因此能更好地保护人们免受不断变化的株系的感染。更高的抗体效价可能有助于解释疫苗的保护作用是如何在每次接种后抗体滴度下降的情况下仍能持续的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
GeroScience
GeroScience Medicine-Complementary and Alternative Medicine
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
5.40%
发文量
182
期刊介绍: GeroScience is a bi-monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles related to research in the biology of aging and research on biomedical applications that impact aging. The scope of articles to be considered include evolutionary biology, biophysics, genetics, genomics, proteomics, molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, endocrinology, immunology, physiology, pharmacology, neuroscience, and psychology.
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