Wheat straw and microbial inoculants have an additive effect on N2O emissions by changing microbial functional groups

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE
Cheng Ji, Jidong Wang, Yuxiang Sun, Cong Xu, Jie Zhou, Yuehua Zhong, Yunwang Ning, Hui Zhang, Yongchun Zhang, Yinglong Chen
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Abstract

Straw-decomposing microbial inoculants (MIs) have been increasingly applied to straw-amended soils. However, the interactive effects and underlying microbial mechanisms of straw and decomposing MIs on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions remain unclear. Here, a pot experiment with an Aquic Inceptisol was conducted to determine soil N2O emissions and the abundance and composition of microbial functional genes under six amendments: wheat straw (W), Bacillus subtilis MI (B), Streptomyces rochei MI (S), a combination of straw and B. subtilis MI (WB), a combination of straw and S. rochei MI (WS), and a control without wheat straw or MI (C). Compared with the control, the amendments of straw, decomposing MIs, and their combinations decreased soil N2O emissions by 43%, 22–30%, and 46–60%, respectively. Mechanistically, the positive relationship between ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and soil potential nitrification rate (PNR), along with decreased AOB abundance (−36%) following straw and decomposing MI amendments, further suggested that AOB predominated soil nitrification and was responsible for the suppressed nitrification. In addition, straw amendment increased nirK gene abundance (by 48%) and potential denitrification rate (by 11%), while the increase in nosZI gene abundance (+25%) involved in N2O consumption contributed to the decrease in N2O emissions. Overall, the additive effect of straw and decomposing MIs on soil N2O emissions was associated with two amendment-induced changes in the abundance and composition of AOB and straw-stimulated the abundance of the nosZI gene. Our results revealed the potential for mitigating N2O emissions following the amendments of straw and MI by influencing soil N2O-related microbial groups.

小麦秸秆和微生物接种剂通过改变微生物功能群对一氧化二氮的排放具有叠加效应
秸秆分解微生物接种剂(MIs)已越来越多地应用于秸秆改良土壤。然而,秸秆和分解微生物接种物对一氧化二氮(N2O)排放的交互作用和潜在微生物机制仍不清楚。在此,研究人员在水生感性土壤中进行了一项盆栽实验,测定了在六种添加剂(小麦秸秆(W)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B)、酵母链霉菌(S)、秸秆和枯草芽孢杆菌的组合(WB)、秸秆和酵母链霉菌的组合(WS)以及不含小麦秸秆和枯草芽孢杆菌的对照(C))条件下的土壤一氧化二氮排放量以及微生物功能基因的丰度和组成。与对照组相比,秸秆、腐熟多元醇和它们的组合分别减少了 43%、22-30% 和 46-60% 的土壤 N2O 排放。从机理上看,氨氧化细菌(AOB)与土壤潜在硝化率(PNR)之间存在正相关关系,而秸秆和腐熟多元醇添加后,氨氧化细菌的丰度下降(-36%),这进一步表明氨氧化细菌在土壤硝化中占主导地位,是硝化被抑制的原因。此外,秸秆改良增加了 nirK 基因丰度(48%)和潜在反硝化率(11%),而参与消耗 N2O 的 nosZI 基因丰度的增加(+25%)则导致了 N2O 排放的减少。总之,秸秆和分解的多元醇对土壤一氧化二氮排放的叠加效应与两种改良措施有关:一是诱导 AOB 的丰度和组成发生变化;二是秸秆刺激了 nosZI 基因的丰度。我们的研究结果揭示了通过影响土壤中与一氧化二氮相关的微生物群来减少秸秆和腐熟有机肥添加后一氧化二氮排放的潜力。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Soil Science
European Journal of Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.80%
发文量
117
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: The EJSS is an international journal that publishes outstanding papers in soil science that advance the theoretical and mechanistic understanding of physical, chemical and biological processes and their interactions in soils acting from molecular to continental scales in natural and managed environments.
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