Cultivating Inclusivity: A Pilot Study Utilizing Simulation-Based Approaches for Weight Bias Mitigation

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of a weight bias reduction (WBR) intervention, including simulation-based experiences (SBEs) with standardized participants (SP) living with obesity, to reduce weight bias in nurse practitioner (NP) students.

Methods

NP students (n = 18) participated in three SBEs over the course of three academic semesters. Each SBE session was accompanied by an interactive WBR intervention and debriefing for meaningful learning (DML) segment, which focused on increasing awareness of weight bias in healthcare, using person first language, and fostering communication skills and interactive dialogue related to motivational interviewing and shared-decision making. Students completed the attitudes towards obese persons (ATOP), beliefs about obese persons (BAOP), and Nurses Attitudes Towards Obese and Obese Patients Scale (NATOOPS) questionnaires, pre- and post-intervention. Clinical communication skills were assessed using the self-efficacy scale (SE-12) and the SEGUE Framework, pre- and post-intervention.

Results

ATOP, BAOP, and NATOOPS scores all improved from pre-intervention and nine months post-intervention; however, they did not meet the threshold for statistical significance. The SE-12 showed a statistically significant increase from baseline (M = 73.9, SE = 5.2) to post-intervention (M = 88.6, SE = 4.5, p = .045), indicating improvements in students’ self-evaluation of communication skills.

Conclusions

Despite not achieving statistically significant improvements, NP students achieved increased self-efficacy in navigating weight-related conversations, suggesting the inclusion of WBR interventions as part of the NP curriculum.