Effective biological control of chickpea rabies (Ascochyta rabiei) through systemic phytochemical defenses activation by Trichoderma roots colonization: From strain characterization to seed coating

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Javier Morcuende , Jorge Martín-García , Pablo Velasco , Tamara Sánchez-Gómez , Óscar Santamaría , Víctor M. Rodríguez , Jorge Poveda
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is a legume of great economic and agricultural importance worldwide, whose crop is severely affected by rust or Ascochyta blight, caused by the fungus Ascochyta rabiei. The fungal genus Trichoderma includes several species widely characterized as effective biological control agents against crop pathogens. First, this work characterized several species of the genus Trichoderma as potential biological control agents of A. rabiei directly (in vitro confrontation) or indirectly in chickpea plants (activation of systemic resistance), selecting T. harzianum EN1 as the most efficient strain. Subsequently, different materials were tested as coatings to apply the T. harzianum conidia on chickpea seeds, determining that gum arabic at 1 % concentration was the one that most promoted the germination of conidia and seeds. The third phase of the study was based on the application of the coating and T. harzianum conidia on chickpea seeds and to study plant survival after infection with the pathogen A. rabiei, characterizing root colonization by Trichoderma and systemic hormonal and metabolic changes related to the induction of systemic defenses. The treatment of chickpea seeds with gum arabic and T. harzianum conidia was found to increase Trichoderma-root colonization and to improve plant survival. The induction of systemic ethylene- and melatonin-mediated resistance, which led to the accumulation of nicotinic acid in plant tissues, was considered the cause of such a protection. Therefore, T. harzianum applied as seed coating with gum arabic could be a good biological control strategy against A. rabiei on chickpea, due to the induction of systemic resistance.

通过毛霉根部定殖激活系统性植物化学防御系统,对鹰嘴豆狂犬病(Ascochyta rabiei)进行有效的生物防治:从菌株特征到种子包衣
鹰嘴豆(Cicer arietinum)是一种在世界范围内具有重要经济和农业意义的豆科植物,其作物受到由真菌 Ascochyta rabiei 引起的锈病或 Ascochyta 枯萎病的严重影响。真菌中的毛霉菌属有几个品种被广泛认为是有效的生物防治农作物病原体的生物制剂。首先,这项工作将毛霉属的几个菌种表征为直接(体外对抗)或间接(激活系统抗性)在鹰嘴豆植株中对 A. rabiei 的潜在生物防治剂,并选择 T. harzianum EN1 作为最有效的菌株。随后,还测试了不同材料作为鹰嘴豆种子上的 T. harzianum 分生孢子包衣,结果表明浓度为 1 % 的阿拉伯树胶最能促进分生孢子和种子的萌发。研究的第三阶段是在鹰嘴豆种子上施用包衣和T. harzianum分生孢子,并研究植物在感染病原体A. rabiei后的存活情况,确定毛霉菌在根部定殖的特点,以及与诱导系统防御有关的系统激素和代谢变化。研究发现,用阿拉伯树胶和T. harzianum分生孢子处理鹰嘴豆种子可增加毛霉的根定植,提高植物存活率。诱导系统性乙烯和褪黑激素介导的抗性,导致烟酸在植物组织中积累,被认为是产生这种保护作用的原因。因此,由于诱导了系统抗性,将 T. harzianum 作为种子包衣与阿拉伯树胶一起施用可能是一种很好的生物防治鹰嘴豆上的 A. rabiei 的策略。
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来源期刊
Biological Control
Biological Control 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
220
审稿时长
63 days
期刊介绍: Biological control is an environmentally sound and effective means of reducing or mitigating pests and pest effects through the use of natural enemies. The aim of Biological Control is to promote this science and technology through publication of original research articles and reviews of research and theory. The journal devotes a section to reports on biotechnologies dealing with the elucidation and use of genes or gene products for the enhancement of biological control agents. The journal encompasses biological control of viral, microbial, nematode, insect, mite, weed, and vertebrate pests in agriculture, aquatic, forest, natural resource, stored product, and urban environments. Biological control of arthropod pests of human and domestic animals is also included. Ecological, molecular, and biotechnological approaches to the understanding of biological control are welcome.
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