Effective biological control of chickpea rabies (Ascochyta rabiei) through systemic phytochemical defenses activation by Trichoderma roots colonization: From strain characterization to seed coating
IF 3.7 2区 农林科学Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Javier Morcuende , Jorge Martín-García , Pablo Velasco , Tamara Sánchez-Gómez , Óscar Santamaría , Víctor M. Rodríguez , Jorge Poveda
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is a legume of great economic and agricultural importance worldwide, whose crop is severely affected by rust or Ascochyta blight, caused by the fungus Ascochyta rabiei. The fungal genus Trichoderma includes several species widely characterized as effective biological control agents against crop pathogens. First, this work characterized several species of the genus Trichoderma as potential biological control agents of A. rabiei directly (in vitro confrontation) or indirectly in chickpea plants (activation of systemic resistance), selecting T. harzianum EN1 as the most efficient strain. Subsequently, different materials were tested as coatings to apply the T. harzianum conidia on chickpea seeds, determining that gum arabic at 1 % concentration was the one that most promoted the germination of conidia and seeds. The third phase of the study was based on the application of the coating and T. harzianum conidia on chickpea seeds and to study plant survival after infection with the pathogen A. rabiei, characterizing root colonization by Trichoderma and systemic hormonal and metabolic changes related to the induction of systemic defenses. The treatment of chickpea seeds with gum arabic and T. harzianum conidia was found to increase Trichoderma-root colonization and to improve plant survival. The induction of systemic ethylene- and melatonin-mediated resistance, which led to the accumulation of nicotinic acid in plant tissues, was considered the cause of such a protection. Therefore, T. harzianum applied as seed coating with gum arabic could be a good biological control strategy against A. rabiei on chickpea, due to the induction of systemic resistance.
期刊介绍:
Biological control is an environmentally sound and effective means of reducing or mitigating pests and pest effects through the use of natural enemies. The aim of Biological Control is to promote this science and technology through publication of original research articles and reviews of research and theory. The journal devotes a section to reports on biotechnologies dealing with the elucidation and use of genes or gene products for the enhancement of biological control agents.
The journal encompasses biological control of viral, microbial, nematode, insect, mite, weed, and vertebrate pests in agriculture, aquatic, forest, natural resource, stored product, and urban environments. Biological control of arthropod pests of human and domestic animals is also included. Ecological, molecular, and biotechnological approaches to the understanding of biological control are welcome.