Pharmacokinetics and residues of florfenicol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) post-oral gavage

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI:10.1016/j.etap.2024.104471

Avishek Bardhan , Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham , Tapas Kumar Sar , Ravindran Rajisha , Satyen Kumar Panda , Prasanna Kumar Patil

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Abstract

In the study on Oreochromis niloticus, singular oral gavage of florfenicol (FFC) at 15 mg/kg biomass/day was conducted, mimicking approved aquaculture dosing. Samples of plasma, bile, muscle, intestine, skin, liver, kidney, gill, and brain tissues were collected at 0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128 hours (h) after oral gavage. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed FFC concentrations peaked at 12.15 μg/mL in plasma and 77.92 μg/mL in bile, both at 24 hours. Elimination half-lives were 28.17 h (plasma) and 26.88 h (bile). The residues of FFC ranked muscle>intestine>skin>liver>kidney>gill. In contrast, the residues of florfenicol amine (FFA) ranked kidney>skin>liver>muscle>gill>intestine>brain, particularly notable in tropical summer conditions. The minimum inhibitory concentration of FFC was elucidated against several bacterial pathogens revealing its superior efficacy. Results highlight bile's crucial role in FFC elimination. Further investigation, especially during winter when fish susceptibility to infections rises, is warranted.

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尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）灌胃后氟苯尼考的药代动力学和残留量

在对黑线鲈的研究中，模拟经批准的水产养殖剂量，以 15 毫克/千克生物量/天的剂量单次口服灌胃氟苯尼考（FFC）。在口服后 0、2、3、4、6、8、12、16、24、32、48、64、96 和 128 小时收集血浆、胆汁、肌肉、肠道、皮肤、肝脏、肾脏、鳃和脑组织样本。LC-MS/MS 分析显示，血浆中的 FFC 浓度在 24 小时内达到峰值，为 12.15 微克/毫升，胆汁中的浓度为 77.92 微克/毫升。消除半衰期分别为 28.17 小时（血浆）和 26.88 小时（胆汁）。全氟辛烷磺酸的残留物主要分布在肌肉、肠道、皮肤、肝脏、肾脏和鳃中。相比之下，氟苯尼考（FFA）的残留量在肾脏>皮肤>肝脏>肌肉>鳃>肠>脑中排名靠前，这在热带夏季条件下尤为明显。阐明了 FFC 对几种细菌病原体的最小抑菌浓度，揭示了其卓越的功效。研究结果凸显了胆汁在消除 FFC 过程中的关键作用。有必要开展进一步研究，尤其是在鱼类易受感染的冬季。

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来源期刊

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

4.70%

发文量

185

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology publishes the results of studies concerning toxic and pharmacological effects of (human and veterinary) drugs and of environmental contaminants in animals and man. Areas of special interest are: molecular mechanisms of toxicity, biotransformation and toxicokinetics (including toxicokinetic modelling), molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms explaining differences in sensitivity between species and individuals, the characterisation of pathophysiological models and mechanisms involved in the development of effects and the identification of biological markers that can be used to study exposure and effects in man and animals. In addition to full length papers, short communications, full-length reviews and mini-reviews, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology will publish in depth assessments of special problem areas. The latter publications may exceed the length of a full length paper three to fourfold. A basic requirement is that the assessments are made under the auspices of international groups of leading experts in the fields concerned. The information examined may either consist of data that were already published, or of new data that were obtained within the framework of collaborative research programmes. Provision is also made for the acceptance of minireviews on (classes of) compounds, toxicities or mechanisms, debating recent advances in rapidly developing fields that fall within the scope of the journal.