Atomic wires on substrates: Physics between one and two dimensions

IF 8.2 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
H. Pfnür , C. Tegenkamp , S. Sanna , E. Jeckelmann , M. Horn-von Hoegen , U. Bovensiepen , N. Esser , W.G. Schmidt , M. Dähne , S. Wippermann , F. Bechstedt , M. Bode , R. Claessen , R. Ernstorfer , C. Hogan , M. Ligges , A. Pucci , J. Schäfer , E. Speiser , M. Wolf , J. Wollschläger
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Wires having a width of one or two atoms are the smallest possible physical objects that may exhibit one-dimensional properties. In order to be experimentally accessible at finite temperatures, such wires must stabilized by interactions in two and even three dimensions. These interactions modify and partly destroy their one-dimensional properties, but introduce new phenomena of coupling and correlation that entangle both charge and spin. We explore this fascinating field by first giving an overview of the present status of theoretical knowledge on 1D physics, including coupling between chains and to the substrate, before we set out for experimental results on ordered arrays of atomic wires on both flat and vicinal Si(111) surfaces comprising Si(111)-In, Si(hhk)-Au, Si(557)-Pb, Si(557)-Ag, on Ge(001)-Au and of rare earth silicide wires. While for these systems structural, spectroscopic and (magneto-)conductive properties are in the focus, including temperature- and concentration-induced phase transitions, explicit dynamics on the femto- and picosecond time scales were explored for the modified Peierls transition in indium chains on Si(111). All these systems are characterized by strong correlations, including spin, that are extended over whole terraces and partly beyond, so that small geometric changes lead to large modifications of their electronic properties. Thus this coupling in one (1D), two (2D) (and even three) dimensions results in a wealth of phase transitions and transient quasi-1D conductance. As extremes, modified quasi-1D properties survive, as in the Si(111)-In system, whereas strong Fermi nesting results in entanglement of spin and charge between terraces for Si(557)-Pb, so that spin orbit density waves across the steps are formed.

基底上的原子线:一维和二维之间的物理学
宽度仅为一个或两个原子的金属丝是可能表现出一维特性的最小物理物体。为了能在有限温度下进行实验,这种金属丝必须通过二维甚至三维的相互作用才能稳定下来。这些相互作用改变或部分破坏了它们的一维特性,但也引入了新的耦合和相关现象,使电荷和自旋纠缠在一起。我们在探索这一引人入胜的领域之前,首先概述了一维物理学理论知识的现状,包括链之间以及与基底之间的耦合,然后我们开始研究平面和邻面 Si(111)表面原子线有序阵列的实验结果,包括 Si(111)-In、Si(hhk)-Au、Si(557)-Pb、Si(557)-Ag、Ge(001)-Au 以及稀土硅化物线。这些系统的重点是结构、光谱和(磁)传导特性,包括温度和浓度诱导的相变,同时还探索了硅(111)上铟链的改良 Peierls 转变在飞秒和皮秒时间尺度上的明确动态。所有这些系统都具有强相关性(包括自旋)的特点,这种相关性延伸到整个梯级,部分甚至超出梯级,因此微小的几何变化就会导致其电子特性的巨大改变。因此,这种一维(1D)、二维(2D)(甚至三维)的耦合导致了大量的相变和瞬态准一维电导。在 Si(111)-In 系统中,经过修改的准一维特性会继续存在,而在 Si(557)-Pb 系统中,强费米嵌套会导致梯级之间的自旋和电荷纠缠,从而形成跨越梯级的自旋轨道密度波。
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来源期刊
Surface Science Reports
Surface Science Reports 化学-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
15.90
自引率
2.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
178 days
期刊介绍: Surface Science Reports is a journal that specializes in invited review papers on experimental and theoretical studies in the physics, chemistry, and pioneering applications of surfaces, interfaces, and nanostructures. The topics covered in the journal aim to contribute to a better understanding of the fundamental phenomena that occur on surfaces and interfaces, as well as the application of this knowledge to the development of materials, processes, and devices. In this journal, the term "surfaces" encompasses all interfaces between solids, liquids, polymers, biomaterials, nanostructures, soft matter, gases, and vacuum. Additionally, the journal includes reviews of experimental techniques and methods used to characterize surfaces and surface processes, such as those based on the interactions of photons, electrons, and ions with surfaces.
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