Developing the Social Cognitive Factor Scale (SCFS) to analyze the determinants influencing the utilization of traditional chinese medicine preventive health services among older adults

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE

European Journal of Integrative Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102368

Yan Chen , Yuhuan Sun , Yang Yi , Yujie Chang , Dahui Wang , Jiaqi Yang , Ying Sun , Lan Jiang , Binyan Zhu , Guozhong Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) boosts immunity, aids self-repair, and supports elderly health. Despite government efforts, older adults underutilize TCM preventive health services. This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid Social Cognitive Factor Scale (SCFS) to understand this from a behavioral psychology perspective.

Methods

The SCFS, a self-report questionnaire rooted in Bandura's social cognitive theory, was developed by an expert panel using insights from current literature, focus group qualitative research, and scale testing. Twenty experts in TCM public health research and 840 community-dwelling older adults were included in this study. Scale development involved a literature review to establish the initial item pool, two Delphi expert consultations for item screening and revision, and comprehensive testing for reliability and effectiveness.

Results

The SCFS consisted of 22 items classified into six dimensions: perceived environment, social support, belief and knowledge, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-regulation. The overall Cronbach's alpha of the scale was 0.946, and the split-half reliability of the total scale was 0.828, showing good reliability. A total of six factors were extracted, explaining 78.85 % of the total variation. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale had good construct validity. Scores on the SCFS were significantly and positively correlated with the utilization rate of TCM preventive health services for older adults (r = 0.537, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

TCM plays a significant role in actively addressing the challenges of aging. The SCFS provides a reliable and valid tool for understanding the underutilization of TCM preventive health services among older adults. A positive correlation with service utilization rates highlights its potential for guiding interventions.

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开发社会认知因素量表（SCFS）以分析影响老年人使用中医药预防保健服务的决定因素

导言传统中医药（TCM）可提高免疫力，帮助自我修复，支持老年人健康。尽管政府做出了努力，但老年人对中医预防保健服务的利用率却很低。本研究旨在开发一个可靠有效的社会认知因素量表（SCFS），以便从行为心理学的角度来了解这一问题。方法SCFS是一个自我报告问卷，它植根于班杜拉的社会认知理论，由一个专家小组通过对现有文献的洞察、焦点小组定性研究和量表测试来开发。20 位中医公共卫生研究专家和 840 位居住在社区的老年人参与了本研究。量表开发包括文献回顾以建立初始项目库，两次德尔菲专家咨询以筛选和修订项目，以及可靠性和有效性综合测试。结果SCFS由22个项目组成，分为六个维度：感知环境、社会支持、信念和知识、自我效能、结果预期和自我调节。量表的总体 Cronbach's alpha 为 0.946，总量表的分半信度为 0.828，显示出良好的信度。共提取了 6 个因子，解释了 78.85 % 的总变异。探索性因素分析表明，量表具有良好的建构效度。SCFS的得分与老年人中医预防保健服务的使用率呈显著正相关（r = 0.537, p < 0.01）。SCFS 为了解老年人对中医预防保健服务利用不足的情况提供了可靠有效的工具。它与服务利用率之间的正相关性凸显了其指导干预措施的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Integrative Medicine INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

102

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Integrative Medicine (EuJIM) considers manuscripts from a wide range of complementary and integrative health care disciplines, with a particular focus on whole systems approaches, public health, self management and traditional medical systems. The journal strives to connect conventional medicine and evidence based complementary medicine. We encourage submissions reporting research with relevance for integrative clinical practice and interprofessional education. EuJIM aims to be of interest to both conventional and integrative audiences, including healthcare practitioners, researchers, health care organisations, educationalists, and all those who seek objective and critical information on integrative medicine. To achieve this aim EuJIM provides an innovative international and interdisciplinary platform linking researchers and clinicians. The journal focuses primarily on original research articles including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, other clinical studies, qualitative, observational and epidemiological studies. In addition we welcome short reviews, opinion articles and contributions relating to health services and policy, health economics and psychology.