Hypoglycaemic Effects of an Aqueous Leaves Extract of Combretum micranthum in Normoglycaemic Rats

European journal of medicinal plants Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI:10.9734/ejmp/2024/v35i31190

Djike Kouehiouon Justin Anderson-Bel, Zahoui Ouga Stanislas, Ekra Etchien N’dah Christelle, N. S. Anthelme, Flavien Traore

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Abstract

Background: In order to promote the Ivorian pharmacopoeia, we undertook the study of Combretum micranthum (Combretaceae), a plant commonly used in Ivory Coast for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of an aqueous leaves extract of Combretum micranthum (EaqCM) in Wistar rats. Methods and Materials: A phytochemical screening study was performed. The pharmacological test on normoglycaemic rats was carried out in 4 groups of 5 rats per group. Rats in group 1 received 2 ml of distilled water, and rats in the test groups received doses ranging at 100 to 300 mg/kg B.W. of the EAqCM. Tests in pre-treated temporarily hyperglycemic rats were performed in 4 groups of 5 rats per group. The rats in groups 1 and 2 received 2ml of distilled water, the rats in test groups (3 and 4) received the dose of 10-2g/kg B.W. and 100 mg/kg B.W. respectively glibenclamide and EAqCM. Thirty minutes later, all rats except those in group 1 received anhydrous glucose. The protocol for testing post-treated hyperglycaemic rats is the same as that for pretreated rats, except that in this experiment glucose is administered to the animals before the test substances. Blood glucose is measured in the rats at regular intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes after administration of the substances. Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis of EAqCM revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic, tannins, quinonic compounds, alkaloids, sterols, and polyterpenes. Pharmacological tests on the glycemia of normoglycemic rats showed that EAqCM has hypoglycemic properties at a dose of 100 mg/kgB.W. with a percentage reduction of 30%. In hyperglycemic rats, EAqCM and glibenclamide exhibited anti-hyperglycemic activity with respective percentages reduction of 57.47 % and 58.82 %. Conclusion: Antihyperglycemic effect of EAqCM in post-treated rats would probably be due to the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids in this extract. These results support the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes.

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康普顿叶水提取物对血糖正常大鼠的降血糖作用

背景：为了促进科特迪瓦药典的发展，我们对象牙海岸常用来治疗糖尿病的植物 Combretum micranthum（康柏科）进行了研究。本研究的目的是评估 Combretum micranthum 的水性叶提取物（EaqCM）对 Wistar 大鼠的降血糖作用。方法和材料：进行植物化学筛选研究。对血糖正常的大鼠进行药理试验，共分 4 组，每组 5 只。第 1 组大鼠接受 2 毫升蒸馏水，试验组大鼠接受 100 至 300 毫克/千克体重的 EAqCM 剂量。对经过预处理的暂时性高血糖大鼠进行的试验分 4 组进行，每组 5 只大鼠。第 1 和第 2 组大鼠接受 2 毫升蒸馏水，试验组（第 3 和第 4 组）大鼠分别接受剂量为 10-2 克/千克体重和 100 毫克/千克体重的格列本脲和 EAqCM。30 分钟后，除第 1 组大鼠外，其他大鼠均接受无水葡萄糖。试验后高血糖大鼠的方案与试验前高血糖大鼠的方案相同，只是在本实验中，先给动物服用葡萄糖，然后再服用试验物质。在给大鼠注射药物后的 30、60、90、120、150 和 180 分钟定期测量血糖。结果对 EAqCM 的植物化学定性分析显示，其中含有多酚、黄酮类、儿茶酸、单宁、醌类化合物、生物碱、甾醇和多萜类化合物。对血糖正常的大鼠进行的药理测试表明，当剂量为 100 毫克/千克体重时，EAqCM 具有降血糖作用，降糖百分比为 30%。对于高血糖大鼠，EAqCM 和格列本脲具有抗高血糖活性，降糖百分比分别为 57.47 % 和 58.82 %。结论EAqCM 对治疗后大鼠的降血糖作用可能是由于这种提取物中含有多酚和类黄酮。这些结果支持在传统医学中使用这种植物治疗糖尿病。

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European journal of medicinal plants

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