Foundations for Knowledge-Based Decision Theories

IF 1 2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
Zeev Goldschmidt
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Several philosophers have proposed Knowledge-Based Decision Theories (KDTs)— theories that require agents to maximize expected utility as yielded by utility and probability functions that depend on the agent’s knowledge. Proponents of KDTs argue that such theories are motivated by Knowledge-Reasons norms that require agents to act only on reasons that they know. However, no formal derivation of KDTs from Knowledge-Reasons norms has been suggested, and it is not clear how such norms justify the particular ways in which KDTs relate knowledge and rational action. In this paper, I suggest a new axiomatic method for justifying KDTs and providing them with stronger normative foundations. I argue that such theories may be derived from constraints on the relation between knowledge and preference, and that these constraints may be evaluated relative to intuitions regarding practical reasoning. To demonstrate this, I offer a representation theorem for a KDT proposed by Hawthorne and Stanley (2008) and briefly evaluate it through its underlying axioms.
基于知识的决策理论基础
一些哲学家提出了基于知识的决策理论(KDTs)--该理论要求行为主体最大化预期效用,而预期效用是由依赖于行为主体知识的效用函数和概率函数产生的。KDTs 的支持者认为,这种理论的动机是知识-原因准则,它要求行为主体只根据自己知道的原因行事。然而,目前还没有人提出从知识-原因规范正式推导出 KDT,也不清楚这种规范如何证明 KDT 将知识与理性行动联系起来的特定方式是合理的。在本文中,我提出了一种新的公理方法来证明 KDT 的合理性,并为它们提供更坚实的规范基础。我认为,这种理论可以从知识与偏好之间关系的约束中推导出来,而这些约束可以相对于有关实践推理的直觉进行评估。为了证明这一点,我提出了霍桑和斯坦利(2008)提出的一个KDT表示定理,并通过其基本公理对其进行了简要评估。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
51
期刊介绍: The Australasian Journal of Philosophy (AJP) is one of the world''s leading philosophy journals. Founded in 1923, it has been continuously published ever since. It is recognized as one of the best in the analytic tradition, but is not narrow in what it regards as worthy of acceptance. Heavily cited in the general philosophical literature, it is covered by all the major abstracting and indexing services, including the Arts and Humanities Citation Index® which provides access to current and retrospective bibliographic information and cited references found in the world''s leading arts and humanities journals. In addition to Articles and Discussion Notes, the journal publishes Book Reviews and Book Notes as well as occasional commissioned Critical Notices. The journal is read world-wide and has recently published contributions from North and South American, European and Asian as well as Australasian authors.
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