Fungal communities shift with soybean cyst nematode abundance in soils

IF 4.3 3区 材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Melanie Medina López, Horacio Lopez-Nicora, Maria-Soledad Benitez Ponce
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Abstract

Plant parasitic nematodes pose a significant threat to food security. Management strategies for these pathogens are limited, and additional tools for their control are needed. Some fungi have shown promise for biocontrol, however, their success in the field has varied. In contrast, some fungal plant pathogens form synergistic associations with nematodes resulting in increased plant disease severity. However, how both groups of fungi change with different plant parasitic nematode abundances in the soil is underexplored. In this study, we used the soybean cyst nematode as a model to understand these changes. We sampled soil from 171 Ohio soybean fields in 2019 and 2021 and determined soybean cyst nematode abundance. We identified the fungi in the samples through amplicon sequencing of the 18S-ITS rDNA regions. Edaphoclimatic factors were used to classify samples into geographic regions to account for environmental differences between sampling locations. We hypothesized that fungal communities would be influenced by both region and soybean cyst nematode abundance. K-near neighbor analysis revealed that fungal communities follow regional patterns. We also found that soybean cyst nematode abundance was associated with changes in these communities regardless of the region. Two potential nematophagous fungi were found to be prevalent in Ohio through core community analysis, although they were enriched when soybean cyst nematode abundance was high. Lastly, differential network analysis showed that interactions among fungal community members change when soybean cyst nematode is present in the soil. Together these results suggest that this nematode significantly shifts the fungal community composition in field soils.
真菌群落随土壤中大豆孢囊线虫数量的变化而变化
植物寄生线虫对粮食安全构成重大威胁。针对这些病原体的管理策略很有限,需要更多的工具来控制它们。一些真菌已显示出生物防治的前景,但它们在田间的成功率参差不齐。相反,一些真菌植物病原体会与线虫形成协同作用,导致植物病害严重程度增加。然而,这两类真菌如何随着土壤中植物寄生线虫数量的不同而发生变化,目前尚未得到充分探索。在这项研究中,我们以大豆胞囊线虫为模型来了解这些变化。我们在 2019 年和 2021 年对俄亥俄州 171 块大豆田的土壤进行了采样,并测定了大豆胞囊线虫的丰度。我们通过 18S-ITS rDNA 区域的扩增子测序确定了样本中的真菌。我们利用气候因素将样本划分为不同的地理区域,以考虑采样地点之间的环境差异。我们假设真菌群落会受到地区和大豆胞囊线虫丰度的影响。K 近邻分析表明,真菌群落遵循区域模式。我们还发现,无论在哪个地区,大豆胞囊线虫的丰度都与这些群落的变化有关。通过核心群落分析,我们发现俄亥俄州普遍存在两种潜在的线虫食性真菌,不过当大豆胞囊线虫丰度较高时,这两种真菌就会富集。最后,差异网络分析显示,当土壤中存在大豆胞囊线虫时,真菌群落成员之间的相互作用会发生变化。这些结果表明,线虫会显著改变田间土壤中的真菌群落组成。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.30%
发文量
567
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