Coverage and predictors of COVID-19 vaccination in rural districts of Pakistan

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Shiraz Shaikh, G. Maheshwari, A. N. Samoo, Ghulam Mustafa Soomro, Lubna Mazharullah
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Abstract

Background: One of the keys to preventing a re-emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic is the attainment and maintenance of high vaccination coverage in urban and rural areas. Aims: To estimate the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination in a rural population and identify the determinants of vaccination. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2023 in 5 rural districts of Sindh Province, Pakistan. From each district, 30 clusters (villages) were randomly selected, and 7 households were randomly sampled from each cluster using the 30/7 technique. Household members above 12 years of age were included. Vaccination status was categorized as non-vaccinated, partially vaccinated (either with 1 dose or without booster) and completely vaccinated (2 doses with 1 booster). Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using multinomial logistic regression were computed to determine the factors associated with partial and complete vaccination. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: Among the 3545 individuals surveyed across 1050 households, 25.9% were not vaccinated, 55.0% were partially vaccinated, and 19.1% were fully vaccinated. Younger age, lack of formal education and residing in flood-affected districts were significantly negatively associated with being vaccinated, while living at > km from a vaccination facility was significantly positively associated with partial and complete vaccination. Residents of Dadu (OR=0.03, 95% CI=0.01–0.04), Jamshoro (OR=0.05, 95% CI=0.03–0.08), Hyderabad (OR=0.03, 95% CI=0.02–0.05), and Tando Allahyar (OR=0.09,95% CI=0.05–0.15) districts were significantly less likely to be completely vaccinated than those in Tharparkar. The most common reasons for not being vaccinated were, the perception that COVID-19 is mild (34.5%), fear of side-effects (22.7%), unavailability of the vaccine (19.8%), and fear of acquiring COVID-19 infection through the vaccine (15.8%). Conclusion: Vaccination coverage was low in some of the districts, particularly the flood-affected districts, mainly due to certain myths. There is a need for community outreaches to debunk myths about COVID-19 vaccination among these rural populations.
巴基斯坦农村地区 COVID-19 疫苗接种覆盖率和预测因素
背景:防止 COVID-19 大流行再次出现的关键之一是在城市和农村地区实现并保持较高的疫苗接种覆盖率。目的: 估计 COVID-19 疫苗接种在农村人口中的覆盖率,并确定疫苗接种的决定因素。接种方法:2023 年 4 月在巴基斯坦信德省的 5 个农村地区进行了一次横断面调查。每个县随机抽取 30 个群组(村庄),每个群组采用 30/7 技术随机抽取 7 户家庭。其中包括 12 岁以上的家庭成员。疫苗接种情况分为未接种、部分接种(接种 1 剂或未接种加强剂)和完全接种(接种 2 剂并接种 1 次加强剂)。采用多项式逻辑回归法计算了调整后的几率比(含 95% 置信区间),以确定与部分接种和完全接种疫苗相关的因素。数据使用 SPSS 20 版进行分析。结果在接受调查的 1050 个家庭的 3545 人中,25.9% 的人未接种疫苗,55.0% 的人部分接种疫苗,19.1% 的人完全接种疫苗。年龄较小、未接受过正规教育以及居住在受洪水影响的地区与是否接种疫苗呈显著负相关,而居住地距离疫苗接种机构>公里则与部分接种和完全接种疫苗呈显著正相关。达杜(OR=0.03,95% CI=0.01-0.04)、贾姆肖罗(OR=0.05,95% CI=0.03-0.08)、海得拉巴(OR=0.03,95% CI=0.02-0.05)和坦多阿拉希亚尔(OR=0.09,95% CI=0.05-0.15)地区的居民完全接种疫苗的可能性明显低于塔帕卡尔地区的居民。未接种疫苗的最常见原因是:认为 COVID-19 病情较轻(34.5%)、担心副作用(22.7%)、无法获得疫苗(19.8%)以及担心通过疫苗感染 COVID-19 (15.8%)。结论在一些地区,尤其是受洪水影响的地区,疫苗接种覆盖率较低,这主要是由于某些误解造成的。有必要在社区开展宣传活动,以揭穿这些农村人口对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的误解。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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