Pre-attentive and Attentive Auditory Event-related Potentials in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism.

Ulrich Schall, Ross Fulham, Max Günther, Jessica Bergmann, Renate Thienel, Julie Ortmann, Natalie G Wall, Paula Gómez Álvarez, Anne-Marie Youlden
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Abstract

Abnormalities in auditory processing are believed to play a major role in autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Both conditions often co-occur in children, causing difficulties in deciding the most promising intervention. Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been investigated and are showing promise to act as potential biomarkers for both conditions. This study investigated mismatch negativity (MMN) using a passive listening task and P3b in an active auditory go/no-go discrimination task. Recordings were available from 103 children (24 females): 35 with ADHD, 27 autistic, 15 autistic children with co-occurring ADHD, and 26 neurotypical (NT) children. The age range considered was between 4 and 17 years, but varied between groups. The results revealed increases in the MMN and P3b amplitudes with age. Older children with ADHD exhibited smaller P3b amplitudes, while younger autistic children showed reduced MMN amplitudes in response to phoneme changes compared to their NT counterparts. Notably, children diagnosed with autism and ADHD did not follow this pattern; instead, they exhibited more similarities to NT children. The reduced amplitudes of phonetically elicited MMN in children with autism and reduced P3b in children with ADHD suggest that the two respective ERPs can act as potential biomarkers for each condition. However, optimisation and standardisation of the testing protocol, as well as longitudinal studies are required in order to translate these findings into clinical practice.
注意缺陷多动障碍和自闭症儿童的注意前和注意听觉事件相关电位。
听觉处理异常被认为是自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的主要病因。这两种疾病经常同时出现在儿童身上,因此很难决定最有前途的干预措施。对事件相关电位(ERPs)进行了研究,结果表明,ERPs 有希望成为这两种疾病的潜在生物标志物。本研究采用被动倾听任务和主动听觉 "去/不去 "辨别任务中的 P3b 对错配负性(MMN)进行了调查。103 名儿童(24 名女性)进行了记录:其中 35 名患有多动症,27 名患有自闭症,15 名患有多动症的自闭症儿童和 26 名神经典型(NT)儿童。研究对象的年龄范围为 4 至 17 岁,但各组之间存在差异。结果显示,MMN 和 P3b 波幅随年龄增长而增加。年龄较大的多动症儿童的 P3b 波幅较小,而年龄较小的自闭症儿童与 NT 儿童相比,对音素变化的 MMN 波幅较小。值得注意的是,被诊断为自闭症和多动症的儿童并不遵循这一模式;相反,他们表现出与 NT 儿童更多的相似之处。自闭症儿童由语音引起的MMN振幅减小,而ADHD儿童的P3b振幅减小,这表明这两种ERP可作为每种疾病的潜在生物标志物。然而,要将这些发现转化为临床实践,还需要对测试方案进行优化和标准化,并开展纵向研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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