Andrology laboratory technique for analysis of semen in men with azoospermia.

Andrian Japari, Dharani Moorthy, A. Rambhatla
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Discovery of spermatozoa during the 17th century led to developing technologies for semen analysis in the early 1900s, and then, standard techniques were implemented during the 20th century. Semen analysis has a pivotal role in the male infertility evaluation, and azoospermia is an important finding. Azoospermia is identified in 15% of infertile men. However, the accurate laboratory assessment of azoospermia poses certain technical challenges. Laboratories currently perform semen assessment with great variability; thus, a standard method should be used. Planning suitable management and determining the cause of infertility require a precise evaluation of azoospermia. This review aims to address the definition of azoospermia and highlight laboratory methods in the assessments of azoospermia. Basic methods such as centrifugation, repeat pellet analysis, and staining and advanced methods such as genetic testing and biomarkers have been discussed. These methods have helped in standardizing the protocol for accurate azoospermia assessments with less variability.
用于分析无精子症男性精液的 Andrology 实验室技术。
摘要17世纪精子的发现导致了20世纪初精液分析技术的发展,随后,标准技术在20世纪得以实施。精液分析在男性不育症的评估中起着举足轻重的作用,而无精子症是一项重要的发现。15%的不育男性会出现无精子症。然而,对无精子症进行准确的实验室评估存在一定的技术难度。目前,实验室在进行精液评估时存在很大差异;因此,应采用标准方法。计划合适的治疗和确定不育原因需要对无精子症进行精确评估。本综述旨在探讨无精子症的定义,并重点介绍评估无精子症的实验室方法。文中讨论了离心、重复精子颗粒分析和染色等基本方法,以及基因检测和生物标记物等先进方法。这些方法有助于实现无精子症评估方案的标准化,从而准确评估无精子症,减少变异性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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