Mir Faeq Ali Quadri, Ahmed M. Kamel, Maryam Nayeem, Tenny John, Anugeetha Thacheril, Gianluca Tartaglia, Santosh Tadakamadla
{"title":"Smokeless tobacco and periodontitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis","authors":"Mir Faeq Ali Quadri, Ahmed M. Kamel, Maryam Nayeem, Tenny John, Anugeetha Thacheril, Gianluca Tartaglia, Santosh Tadakamadla","doi":"10.1111/jre.13274","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>The present systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to investigate the global association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and periodontitis, considering significant effect size variation based on the income levels of countries.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>We searched seven databases to identify studies that assessed the prevalence of periodontitis in adult SLT users compared to non-users. The quality of studies was evaluated using the 10-item risk-of-bias tool, and publication bias was addressed through the trim-and-fill method. Sensitivity analysis utilized the leave-one-out approach. Meta-analysis and meta-regression, stratified by country income, SLT type, and smoking status, employed robust variance estimation.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>From an initial pool of 484 studies, 29 studies met the selection criteria and were subjected to qualitative synthesis. Subsequently, data from 19 studies were included in the meta-analysis. SLT users exhibited a nearly threefold greater likelihood of periodontitis compared to non-users (OR = 2.99; 95% CI: 2.10, 4.27; <i>p</i> < .01). The pooled estimate did not vary significantly based on the type of SLT used or concurrent smoking. However, the odds of periodontitis varied according to the economic level of the country; the pooled estimate was higher in high-income countries (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.37; <i>p</i> < .01) and even higher in lower-middle-income and lower-income countries (OR = 3.91; 95% CI: 2.66, 5.77; <i>p</i> < .01).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Smokeless tobacco users have a higher likelihood of developing periodontitis. This study underscores global disparities in the SLT–periodontitis relationship, highlighting the need for targeted interventions, particularly in economically challenged areas where SLT use is largely unregulated.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":16715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontal research","volume":"59 6","pages":"1062-1070"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of periodontal research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jre.13274","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aim
The present systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to investigate the global association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) use and periodontitis, considering significant effect size variation based on the income levels of countries.
Methods
We searched seven databases to identify studies that assessed the prevalence of periodontitis in adult SLT users compared to non-users. The quality of studies was evaluated using the 10-item risk-of-bias tool, and publication bias was addressed through the trim-and-fill method. Sensitivity analysis utilized the leave-one-out approach. Meta-analysis and meta-regression, stratified by country income, SLT type, and smoking status, employed robust variance estimation.
Results
From an initial pool of 484 studies, 29 studies met the selection criteria and were subjected to qualitative synthesis. Subsequently, data from 19 studies were included in the meta-analysis. SLT users exhibited a nearly threefold greater likelihood of periodontitis compared to non-users (OR = 2.99; 95% CI: 2.10, 4.27; p < .01). The pooled estimate did not vary significantly based on the type of SLT used or concurrent smoking. However, the odds of periodontitis varied according to the economic level of the country; the pooled estimate was higher in high-income countries (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.37; p < .01) and even higher in lower-middle-income and lower-income countries (OR = 3.91; 95% CI: 2.66, 5.77; p < .01).
Conclusions
Smokeless tobacco users have a higher likelihood of developing periodontitis. This study underscores global disparities in the SLT–periodontitis relationship, highlighting the need for targeted interventions, particularly in economically challenged areas where SLT use is largely unregulated.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Periodontal Research is an international research periodical the purpose of which is to publish original clinical and basic investigations and review articles concerned with every aspect of periodontology and related sciences. Brief communications (1-3 journal pages) are also accepted and a special effort is made to ensure their rapid publication. Reports of scientific meetings in periodontology and related fields are also published.
One volume of six issues is published annually.