Biogeographic isolation and climate shape the evolutionary heritage of Neotropical inselbergs

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1111/geb.13860

Herval Vieira Pinto-Junior, Gustavo Heringer, Écio Souza Diniz, Larissa Areal de Carvalho Müller, Pedro Manuel Villa, João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto, Andreza Viana Neri

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Quaternary climatic shifts can explain the current distribution of ancient ecosystems as well as the current distributions of gradients that hold species richness and diversity of several lineages in old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs) as inselbergs. Thus, the combination of phylogenetic approaches and temporal landscape connectivity allows disentangling the mechanisms involved in the origin of the disjunct distribution of plant species and the evolutionary heritage of Neotropical inselbergs.

Location

Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Caatinga.

Time Period

Pliocene until the current period.

Major Taxa

Angiosperms.

Methods

We used a compiled data set of 42 inselbergs across the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes in eastern Brazil to describe their structure and phylogenetic diversity and map the landscape resistance distances and the effects of resistance on their phylogenetic beta diversity. We also aimed to identify the effectiveness of protected areas and gaps in the conservation of plant species in Brazilian inselbergs.

Results

We found evidence of dispersal limitation in the inselberg species pool and a latitudinal gradient in plant species richness and phylogenetic diversity across the Neotropical inselberg landscape, with greater isolation between the northeastern and southeastern core areas. Our findings indicate that inselbergs can lead to a high turnover of phylogenetic diversity, thus imposing distinctiveness on the evolutionary lineages of the inselberg flora.

Main Conclusions

Our results suggest that the current distribution of inselberg's flora in isolated ecosystems may result from a more connected distribution of this flora in the past, as postulated by the Pleistocene habitat fluctuations. However, the patterns of diversity have probably been influenced by events much older than Quaternary climate shifts, due to inselbergs climate stability areas (refugia) since ancient periods. Conservation of mountain vegetation is a crucial strategy for maintaining biodiversity and distinct phylogenetic lineages in the current rapid global climate and land use change scenario.

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生物地理隔离和气候决定了新热带海岛的进化传统

目的第四纪气候变迁可以解释古老生态系统目前的分布情况，也可以解释作为海岛的古老、气候缓冲、贫瘠地貌（OCBILs）中保持物种丰富性和多个品系多样性的梯度目前的分布情况。因此，将系统发育方法和时间景观连接性结合起来，可以解开植物物种不连贯分布的起源机制以及新热带海岛的进化遗产。方法我们使用了巴西东部大西洋森林和卡廷加生物群落中 42 座海岛的数据集，以描述其结构和系统发育多样性，并绘制景观抗性距离图以及抗性对其系统发育 beta 多样性的影响。我们还旨在确定保护区的有效性以及在保护巴西海岛植物物种方面存在的差距。结果我们发现了海岛物种库扩散受限的证据，以及整个新热带海岛景观中植物物种丰富度和系统发育多样性的纬度梯度，东北部和东南部核心区域之间的隔离度更高。我们的研究结果表明，海岛会导致系统发育多样性的高度更替，从而给海岛植物区系的进化带来独特性。主要结论我们的研究结果表明，海岛植物区系目前在孤立生态系统中的分布，可能是根据更新世栖息地波动的推测，该植物区系在过去分布更为连通的结果。然而，由于海岛自古以来就是气候稳定区（避难所），其多样性模式很可能受到了比第四纪气候变迁更早的事件的影响。在当前全球气候和土地利用迅速变化的情况下，保护山区植被是维持生物多样性和独特系统发育系的重要战略。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.